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Reasons and Persons (Oxford Paperbacks) Paperback – 20 Feb. 1986
Purchase options and add-ons
- ISBN-10019824908X
- ISBN-13978-0198249085
- EditionRevised ed.
- PublisherOxford University Press, USA
- Publication date20 Feb. 1986
- LanguageEnglish
- Dimensions2.49 x 19.69 x 12.85 cm
- Print length560 pages
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Review
Very few works in the subject can compare with Parfit's in scope, fertility, imaginative resource, and cogency of reasoning. ― P.F. Strawson, The New York Review of Books
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Product details
- Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA; Revised ed. edition (20 Feb. 1986)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 560 pages
- ISBN-10 : 019824908X
- ISBN-13 : 978-0198249085
- Dimensions : 2.49 x 19.69 x 12.85 cm
- Best Sellers Rank: 273,093 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- 9,046 in Philosophy (Books)
- Customer reviews:
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- Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 13 December 2022This is a worthwhile read if you are interested in the topic but Parfit is hard work
- Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 7 August 2022Follow your heart wherever it takes you. At times it is scary, but one must persevere with the heart
- Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 20 January 2019The author took the photo on the cover: it's really dreary. The Master's taste didn't extend to photography! Brilliant book.
- Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 18 September 2024This book is an interesting mixture of what Parfit himself calls the "High Road" (Meta-Ethics, arguments about the structure and permissible claims of ethical theories) and the "Low Road" (a wide range of "intuition pump" thought experiements, some of which have become common parlance since the book came out around 40 years ago). Reading it is a weird mixture of jolts of new ideas, and then a painstaking working out of their consequences.
It's not something you will be able to digest in a quick read-through. But it *is* accessible to someone who didn't study philosophy at university. Some grounding in logical forms may help.
I am lucky enough to have some paid spare time between jobs at the moment, and I've spent the equivalent of two working weeks coming fully to grips with Reasons and Persons, and I have not regretted a single hour.
A suggested tack to take: I read through first (making sure I understood the arguments at each point), then for any given section I waited for at least a day before I wrote section-level notes, then for any given chapter I waited for at least a day before I wrote chapter-level summaries. In other words, I approached it with the level of attention a student might give a foundational textbook in their field.
I found it fascinating, and genuinely mind-changing. I will go back and re-read things I've read before (Peter Singer, etc) because I think this book will make me view those other works differently. I cannot think of another book that has had any effect nearly as profound.
"Reasons and Persons" is not perfect. There are sections where Parfit could have used an editor to help sharpen up the text. There are digressions that distract more than enlighten. It could sometimes use more signposting about where things are heading, although signposts aren't absent.
But this book is also amazing, a genuine one-off, not comparable in terms of density of new ideas to anything else I've ever read. It repays close study and attention. I don't necessarily agree with every last word, but it will permanently change the way I see the world in a number of respects - and this is am amazing thing for me to encouter at my post-50-year-old age.
So in conclusion I really recommend giving this a go, if you're interested in modern ethics. It may be that you hit the weeds, need to put it down for a bit, and pick it up a day, a week, or even some months after. That's OK. There is treasure here, and you don't tend to find treasure just lying on the ground. But this book repays effort like nothing else I can remembder reading for decades.
- Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 14 November 2018Promptly delivery of quality book to Norway. Thanks. Stein Smaaland
- Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 20 June 2019I will be back for more
- Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 7 November 2011Quite simply an awesome book, rigorous and detailed on every point, and beautiful because of it. A definite challenge that any ethical theorist must defeat.
- Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 13 June 2024If, like me, you find yourself disagreeing with some of the authors founding assertions by page 6 then you're not going to get much out of this book as everything else is based on these.
There's also an awful lot of terms, either implicitly or explicitly defined, so as to make his conclusions almost tautologies.
I ended up just leaping from main section to main section trying to find anything useful to take away from this book.
Disapointing.
Top reviews from other countries
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Celina ZinglerReviewed in Germany on 14 July 20215.0 out of 5 stars Gutes Buch
Super schönes Buch.
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PinaReviewed in Italy on 19 November 20205.0 out of 5 stars Parfit apre un mondo
Ci ho scritto la tesi quindi per me questo libro è fenomenale come il suo autore.
Will SiegmundReviewed in the United States on 9 January 20195.0 out of 5 stars The ideas of a genius contained in a terribly bound book
A lot of professional moral philosophers consider this the best work on ethics since Sidgwick's Methods of Ethics, which was published an entire century prior. Though I am not knowledgeable enough about the history of ethics to offer a meaningful comment on that, I would be really impressed if there were another book on ethics published this century that is more original and thoughtful. One of my professor's estimated that 50% of the contemporary literature in ethics is working directly from ideas in this book. Parfit's writing style is really simple, but that makes the book exceptionally dense with arguments, and there is a strong sense that he spent a lot of time thinking about every word put into the book (given that he was publishing papers about topics in the book 15 years before it was published, I don't think that's a stretch). The ideas themselves are also airtight in their reasoning. Reasons and Persons is divided into four sections, of which I think the 3rd and 4th are the most fun and interesting. The first two systematically showing that ethical egoism and common-sense intuitions about morality are incoherent and that consequentialism solve all the problems these two bases of morality contain. From what my philosophy professors indicate, Parfit is considered to have succeeded. The third section is on personal identity and shows that the two classic western conceptions of how someone keeps their identity over time -- through the continuity of one's memories or body -- both have fatal flaws. He advocates for a reductionist picture of personal identity as a series of relationships to other people and things that wither and change over time. There is no core self tethering it all together. He then discusses the ethical implications of the view. The fourth section is maybe my favorite single section of any philosophy book I've read. It discusses four serious problems in population ethics -- The Nonidentity Problem, the Repugnant Conclusion, the Absurd Conclusion, and the Mere Addition Paradox -- that he thinks any good moral theory must solve. The only problem is that none of the traditional conceptions, most alarmingly deontology and consequentialism, are up to the task. Deontology can't explain the Nonidentity Problem, and Utilitarianism fails to avoid the Mere Addition Paradox. Therefore, no moral theory as of yet is perfectly satisfying. This fourth book has spawned its own industry in professional ethics, and mountains of papers can been written attempting to solve these problems. Thus far, no Deontological solutions to the Nonidentity Problem nor Consequentialist solutions to the Mere Addition Paradox have satisfied people.
In Summary, the book is exceptionally dense but deeply rewarding if you're patient with some of its ideas. I'm not sure I would recommend it to a lay-person interested in ethics (there are many other great ethics books that are more introductory), but if you are really into philosophy and aren't afraid of a profoundly rewarding but substantial challenge, then I couldn't recommend another contemporary philosophical work book more thoroughly other than A Theory of Justice.
Also worth noting: the softcover binding on the book is absolutely terrible. My softcover edition fell apart within a year and decent care of the book. Exasperated, I spent extra for a hardcover because I wanted to keep the book for a long time; it's that valuable to me. Assuming you get a softcover, would avoid traveling with the book at all and try to treat it very gently. The ideas in the book are why I gave it 5 stars, not the physical book of the softcover, which deserves maybe 2 stars.
JohnWesleyHardingReviewed in Canada on 4 February 20165.0 out of 5 stars Five Stars
Amazing book
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Daniel GarciaReviewed in Germany on 8 September 20175.0 out of 5 stars Classic (even when wrong)
This book is extremely rich in ideas. I find many of them wrong (e.g. self-interest is very narrowly defined, risk is not modeled correctly...) but still thought-provoking and challenging. Fantastic read.








