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National Populism: The Revolt Against Liberal Democracy (Pelican Books) Paperback – 25 Oct. 2018
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A SUNDAY TIMES BOOK OF THE YEAR
A crucial new guide to one of the most urgent political phenomena of our time: the rise of national populism
Across the West, there is a rising tide of people who feel excluded, alienated from mainstream politics, and increasingly hostile towards minorities, immigrants and neo-liberal economics. Many of these voters are turning to national populist movements, which have begun to change the face of Western liberal democracy, from the United States to France, Austria to the UK.
This radical turn, we are told, is a last howl of rage from an aging electorate on the verge of extinction. Their leaders are fascistic and their politics anti-democratic; their existence a side-show to liberal democracy. But this version of events, as Roger Eatwell and Matthew Goodwin show, could not be further from the truth.
Written by two of the foremost experts on fascism and the rise of national populism, this lucid and deeply-researched book is a vital guide to our transformed political landscape. Challenging conventional wisdoms, Eatwell and Goodwin make a compelling case for serious, respectful engagement with the supporters and ideas of national populism - not least because it is a tide that won't be stemmed anytime soon.
- Print length384 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherPelican
- Publication date25 Oct. 2018
- Dimensions18.03 x 10.92 x 2.79 cm
- ISBN-100241312000
- ISBN-13978-0241312001
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Review
A fascinating new study ... the authors analyse the long-term demographic and socioeconomic trends shaping our age of upheaval. The attraction of this book lies in its cool, dispassionate tone. The authors intend to explain and inform rather than polemicise -- Jason Cowley ― The Sunday Times
Intelligent, counterintuitive ... [ranging] far beyond Brexit and Britain ... they put a parochial debate in a much bigger context ― Economist
Valuable ... A finely organised, lucid explanation of the elements presently constituting the most dynamic political movements in Europe and the US -- John Lloyd ― Financial Times
A useful corrective... it demolishes the myth that young people aren't attracted to the populist right -- Sarah Baxter ― The Sunday Times
A reality check to any clinging to the hope that populism is a passing political squall ... Goodwin is one of the few academics to be vindicated by the political trends of the past few years. With a forensic grasp of the detail, Eatwell and Goodwin show how commentators have succumbed to "stereotypes that correspond with their outlook" rather than evidence-based conclusions -- Asa Bennett ― Telegraph
Convincing, powerful and very definitely worth a read -- Robert Colvile, Director of CPS Think Tank
An important and stimulating book .. well written, well argued, highly accessible to the lay reader, and mercifully free of political science jargon ... it leaves room for optimism for the future of our country -- Roger Liddle ― Progress
An invaluable guide to the new politics of revolt ... Eatwell and Goodwin draw attention to the historic problem that liberalism has faced in accepting democracy. They give us the theoretical framework to understand national populism's rise ... Compelling -- Jon Holbrook ― Spiked
Informative and often compelling, providing clarity around a number of key debates within political science and political theory [...] Usefully, they provide copious evidence that rightwing populism has been a long time in the making. -- Will Davies ― Guardian
Unlike other authors, they do not write to warn and condemn, but to understand the movement ... Populist leaders are confrontational, mendacious and ruthless -- but those who follow them need to have their fears, resentments and beliefs addressed ― Reuters
Superb ... one of the best of the post-Trump analyses -- Tim Stanley
A provocative book, well worth reading -- Matthew Partridge ― Moneyweek
Eatwell and Goodwin rightly point out that the UK's political and economic system is, for many people, broken -- Gavin Esler ― The National
Readers may feel threatened by a rising tide of populism, but what, exactly, is it? National Populism offers penetrating and emancipating answers ― The Times Literary Supplement, Books of the Year 2019
About the Author
Roger Eatwell is Emeritus Professor of Politics at the University of Bath. He has published widely on fascism and populism, including Fascism: a History.
Matthew J. Goodwin is Professor of Politics at the University of Kent and a Senior Fellow at Chatham House. He has published five books, including Brexit: Why Britain Voted to Leave the European Union and the Paddy Power Political Book of the Year 2015 (for Revolt on the Right: Explaining Support for the Radical Right in Britain). He writes regularly for The New York Times, the Financial Times and Politico, and has worked with more than 200 organisations on issues relating to political volatility in the West. He lives in London.
Product details
- Publisher : Pelican (25 Oct. 2018)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 384 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0241312000
- ISBN-13 : 978-0241312001
- Dimensions : 18.03 x 10.92 x 2.79 cm
- Best Sellers Rank: 11,280 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- Customer reviews:
About the authors

Roger Eatwell is Emeritus Professor of Comparative Politics at the University of Bath. His main research focus is European and American fascism, contemporary extremism and populism, which he does not see as fascist (though some parties have partly fascist roots). A further major strand linking his work is the argument that 'national populism' is not simply a 'flash' or 'protest' movement, but reflects views deeply held by many in the electorate who feel neglected, even looked down on, by mainstream elites.
He was founding Editor of Pinter's (Twayne in the US) series Themes in Right Wing Ideology and Politics (1989-1994), and co-founder in 2000 of Routledge's Extremism and Democracy book series, standing down on its twentieth anniversary in 2019, by which time 65 books had been published or were under contract:
https://www.routledge.com/Extremism-and-Democracy/book-series/ED
As well as his books listed here, many other publications (such as in academic journals) can be found on his Google Scholar page:
https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=rqy3BcMAAAAJ&hl=en

Matthew Goodwin is an academic, writer and speaker known for his work on Britain and Europe, political volatility and risk, populism, Brexit and elections. He is Professor of Politics at Rutherford College, University of Kent, was Senior Visiting Fellow at the Royal Institute of International Affairs, Chatham House and Senior Fellow with the UK In a Changing Europe academic programme. Matthew is the author of six books, including the national bestsellers National Populism, and Values, Voice and Virtue. He is also the author of the Matt Goodwin Substack, one of the biggest Substack blogs in the UK at mattgoodwin dot org and he also tweets @ GoodwinMJ.
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Customers find the writing style thought-provoking and well-written. They also appreciate the content as very well researched, perfectly argued, and compelling. Readers also say the book provides a balanced look at populism.
AI-generated from the text of customer reviews
Customers find the book well-researched, perfectly argued, and balanced. They say it provides many answers as to why National Populism is on the rise across the world. They also appreciate the unbiased thinking and compelling analysis of attitudinal shifts that have given rise to populists. Customers also describe the book as provocative and a great view of a growing trend.
"...A provocative book that I highly recommend." Read more
"...has a lot going for it and is interesting in parts and has a wealth of relevant statistics, it fails in some ways, perhaps because the two authors..." Read more
"...The authors give a pretty compelling backdrop to the rise of what they call national populism, but ultimately struggle to truly define what it is...." Read more
"I read this because it is a proper academic study of populism...." Read more
Customers find the writing style thought provoking and well written.
"This is an excellent and well-written book which presents the issues influencing National Populism in a well structured way that is easy to..." Read more
"This is an excellent book. Written with clarity, the books presents a compelling analysis of attitudinal shifts that have given rise to populists on..." Read more
"...Readable. Balanced. Scholarly. I recommend this book." Read more
"...Very clearly written and packed with evidence." Read more
Customers find the movement in the book to be locally based and populist.
"...nationalism, at least if it is thought of as locally based, is its populism. Issues of public policy are typically complex and technical...." Read more
"...My problem with this book is that it seems to very sympathetic towards national populists...." Read more
"...National Populism is a protest movement. Delivery of real solutions will be done by people prepared to roll their sleeves up and get on with it." Read more
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The book dispels many of the myths commonly associated with political smears of Populism – that it is a racist ideology, that it is for ‘old white men’, that it is xenophobic, transphobic etc. Far from any of that, the authors analyse the origins of national populism and show how it is linked to Four Ds – Distrust of the current political settlement, where we vote in politicians who often fail to represent the public’s view; Destruction of culture through unfettered immigration; Deprivation through governments appearing more concerned with the well being of recently arrived migrants that that of the native population; and De-alignment, where the electorate are less loyal to traditional parties, who often appear concerned with lofty goals instead of what matters to the ordinary voter.
The rise in populism is poorly understood by the elites who run government, many of whom are university graduates devoid of actual life experience that matches that of the working class. The Populist movement has grown because of the abject failures of Liberalism to remain of local relevance, preferring instead to set its sight on globalist agendas. Globalism leads to what David Goodhart has called the ‘Anywheres’, whilst Populism prefers the ‘Somewheres’ stance. Many populists are simply people who feel left behind and ignored by the political class. Populists are people who are rooted in community, culture and customs. They voted Brexit in the UK primarily because they wanted the UK to become sovereign with its own laws, borders and regain its rights to fishing and to be self-determining. Most populists want a better form of democracy, many preferring a Direct Democracy system such as that practised in Switzerland, to Parliamentary democracy which is seen as failing. They want more democracy not less.
The authors invite political commentators to rethink Populism’s threat to liberal democracy. It is not a movement that is going away anytime soon. It is a reaction to elitist, aloof politicians - politicians who fail to understand that it is not simply a passing phase. Instead, it is based more on preserving culture than on economics, more on common sense than fancy ideologies and a reminder that the soul of communities matters more than the pursuit of policies that do not command popular conviction.
A provocative book that I highly recommend.
I found it disconcerting in places because the authors seem to sometimes have an underlying left-wing bias which comes through at times as slightly hostile to the populist movements they seek to analyse and that doesn't sit well with some of the analysis. Left/right dichotomies no longer work to provide satisfactory explanations of these populist movements and their followers.
The authors are annoyingly completely off-beam about Trump at times and take a rather establishment line in being somewhat hostile to him also. This is a common failing among some more middle class British commentators who completely fail to understand him. This prevents them from getting to grips with his whole phenomenon or his followers.
The authors touch on the growing hostility to globalism but fail to understand how much of a threat it is to ordinary voters. They also tend to see the right, the populists as being the authoritarians, yet they actually seek to be more representative of the people, this is a common left misconception and ignores the strong libertarian energies of the populists who are more cognisant of the individual and their needs. Increasingly it is the left who have been shown up as rabidly authoritarian and collectivist in the West when given the chance. This became especially apparent during the pandemic and was shown starkly and shockingly in Canada, New Zealand and Democrat states in the US and Australia, also in a milder form in Wales and Scotland in the UK whose governments ruthlessly suppressed people's freedom in multiple ways, although establishment parties of all colours seized the opportunity to deprive people of their natural rights during that panic. The authors also failed to spot the threat to ordinary voters rights to self-determination coming from WEF, the UN, WHO, Big Tech and other globalist organisations which will inevitably encourage the growth of populist movements. These organisations will hopefully fail with their underhand methods and censorship efforts through the mainstream media to suppress the populist movements and politicians. But I probably speak here with the benefit of hindsight from events these authors hadn't observed. I couldn't help comparing the book to Revolting by Mick Hume which covers some similar territory but far more confidently understands the motivations and psychology of the voters he is speaking about.
Nevertheless, I don't want to be overly negative, as this book has merits and is worth reading because some of its statistics and analysis are enlightening and it has some solidly based research.
Top reviews from other countries
Libro fundamental para comprender la existencia y crecimiento exponencial de los partidos nacional populistas.
The authors identify four “historic shifts” that explain the rise of populism in the West: rising inequality, growing distrust of elites and institutions, the effects of mass immigration and the weakening of old party alliances. The authors believe that national populism prioritizes “the culture and interests of the nation and promises to give voice to a people who feel that they have been neglected, even held in contempt, by distant and often corrupt elites.” They believe that national populism will have a much longer life expectancy than many assume because there has been a collective failure to identify, grasp and respond to the underlying causes.
National populists have enjoyed record election results in Italy, Sweden, Austria and elsewhere, while support for social democratic parties has slumped or collapsed. In 2017 Ipsos Mori surveyed nearly 18,000 voters in 25 countries. The poll asked voters if they felt “traditional parties and politicians don’t care about people like me," lots of respondents across Europe agreed (ranging from a low of 44% in Sweden to 61% in Poland and 67% in France). It found that 43% of the British, 54% of Hungarians and 63% of Italians believed that “immigration is causing my country to change in ways that I do not like.”
Liberals such as Tony Blair have argued that the solution to populism is more globalization, not less. Many of Europe's political elite view the nation-state as an anachronism. However, many ordinary Europeans still believe in the nation-state and fear globalization. In Britain, nationalism and patriotism used to be encouraged.
Many voters in Britain believe they have little control over the policies and actions of EU bureaucrats. Mark Blyth who teaches economics at Brown has claimed that the EU has a sinister agenda and it wants to drag wages in Western Europe down to East European levels so that it can better compete with China. Britain relies increasingly on cheap, non-unionized migrant workers. To the people at the top, the increased profits look like wealth creation, but the people at the bottom don’t see any benefits. As one member of the public is quoted as saying: “That’s your bloody GDP, not ours.” Blyth claims that the EU imposed austerity on southern Europe and dismantled the welfare state in Greece in order to protect German banks who lent recklessly.
The authors believe that a lot of ordinary people feel they have been left behind and are getting a raw deal. There is a belief among many liberals that populists are either unemployable losers or old, white, racist men who will soon die and be replaced by more enlightened millennials. However, more than 62 million voted for Trump and 17 million for Brexit. The authors claim that simple stereotypes don’t work once you analyze the data.
Many people, on the right and the left, from Robert Reich to Steve Bannon have noticed that inequality is causing problems, they just disagree on the solutions. Mark Blyth argues that both major parties in the U.S. have written off the bottom 30% of society and the same has happened in Britain. He claims that the American working class has not had a pay rise since 1979 and that globalization has failed them. He believes this explains the anger behind the Trump phenomenon.
National populists are offering protection from the challenges of globalization. Discontent has been inflamed by how poorly many people feel they are being served by their politicians. People look at the mainstream parties and fail to see people they identify with or trust. They are now looking to outsiders who express a similar cynicism with the status quo and offer an alternative. The Oxford philosopher David Miller has argued that the basic responsibility of governments is to maximize the welfare of their citizens and listen to their wishes. Voters believe that the politicians they elect should serve their interests, but the politicians appear to be serving others. In the U.S., polls show support for gun control and action on climate change, but the politicians won’t let it happen.
Many of those who voted to leave the EU are dismissed as stupid, uneducated, and racist. I have read such comments in the New York Times. The metropolitan left across Europe and in America have embraced what the writer Mark Lilla calls “identity liberalism,” and many white working-class voters have felt ignored. The authors claim that “It is hard to imagine any other group being treated with as much contempt” as Brexit or Trump voters. Eatwell is an expert on fascism and the authors explain why contemporary national populists are different from historical fascists. The authors demolish some of the stereotypes about Trump and Brexit supporters being almost exclusively white and old.
The American, French and Russian Revolutions happened because people had grievances that were ignored by the elites. The Germans had grievances in 1932 when they elected Hitler to shake things up. The lesson from history is that you ignore the anger of the masses at your peril. Many European liberals in the media have suggested that the people are too stupid to make decisions on the big issues and so they should be ignored and perhaps even disenfranchised. That seems both dangerous and stupid. The authors believe that most ordinary people in the West are not giving up on democracy even if the elites are. They are also more open to more “direct” forms of democracy, like referendums. The authors suggest this would give people a greater say in the decisions that affect their daily lives. However, the elites in the EU like to ignore referendum results when they disagree with the outcome. They now view them as a nuisance. President Macron told a British TV interviewer that the French people would vote to leave the EU if they were given a simple choice in a referendum.
In many ways, the populists have changed the debate. For the authors, national populism is not a passing phenomenon and will have a “powerful effect on western politics for many years to come.” The book tries to disabuse liberals of any lingering hope that the last three years have been but a blip, after which transnational, elite-led politics will return. I found the book enjoyable and thought provoking.







