by Peter Singer
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by Peter Singer
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~ Goldfrapp
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by L.N. Tolstoy
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Singers views are still controversial but the substance of his arguments are surely right--whether we like it or not. Take for instance, his view that a non-human animal such as a dog or a pig, will often have superior capacities than a severely defective human infant--a view that caused outrage. The reason for the outrage reveals much about our human-centred view of the universe which resists any attempt to compare human beings with animals, a tradition that is humanist as much as it is Judeo-Christian. A recent example of humanist resistance to the view of ourselves as animals is Kenan Maliks Man, Beast and Zombie, which tells us that such comparisons are not only degrading but likely to undermine our view of ourselves as rational, autonomous beings.
Singer, like fellow moral philosopher Mary Midgely, rejects this view. Singer observes;
"We like to think of ourselves as the darlings of the universe. We do not like to think of ourselves as a species of animal. But the truth is there is no unbridgeable gulf between us and other animals. Instead there is an overlap. The more intellectually sophisticated non-human animals have a mental and emotional life that in every significant respect equals or surpasses that of some of the most profoundly disabled human beings."The only thing that can prevent us from seeing this, Singer argues, is human arrogance. That arrogance manifests itself as "speciesism"--a form of prejudice Singer sees as continuous with racism and sexism. Just as racists and sexists violate the principle of equality by giving greater weight to the interests of members of their own race and/or sex when there is a clash between interests so "speciesists allow the interests of their own species to override the greater interests of members of other species."
Clearly written, accessible, disturbing, humane and largely irresistible Writings On an Ethical Life provides a new ethical outlook and a new self-image for Man which deepens and extends liberal principles while criticising and updating the humanist tradition. Highly recommended. --Larry Brown
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