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Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind (Successful Strategist)
 
 

Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind (Successful Strategist) (Paperback)

by Geert Hofstede (Author)
4.7 out of 5 stars See all reviews (10 customer reviews)

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Product details

  • Paperback: 304 pages
  • Publisher: HarperCollins Publishers Ltd; New edition edition (23 May 1994)
  • Language English
  • ISBN-10: 0006377408
  • ISBN-13: 978-0006377405
  • Product Dimensions: 19.6 x 13 x 2 cm
  • Average Customer Review: 4.7 out of 5 stars See all reviews (10 customer reviews)
  • Amazon.co.uk Sales Rank: 358,029 in Books (See Bestsellers in Books)

Product Description

Product Description
Despite calls for better co-operation between countries and different cultures, there is still confrontation between people, groups and nations. But at the same time they are exposed to common problems which demand co-operation for the solution of these problems. This book helps to understand the differences in the way strategists and their followers think, offering practical solutions for those in business to help solve conflict between different groups.

From the Back Cover

The revolutionary study of how the place where we grew up constrains the way we think, feel, and act, updated for today's new realities

The world is a more dangerously divided place today than it was at the end of the Cold War. This despite the spread of free trade and the advent of digital technologies that afford a degree of global connectivity undreamed of by science fiction writers fifty years ago. What is it that continues to drive people apart when cooperation is so clearly in everyone's interest? Are we as a species doomed to perpetual misunderstanding and conflict? Find out in Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind.

A veritable atlas of cultural values, it is based on cross-cultural research conducted in seventy countries for more than thirty years. At the same time, it describes a revolutionary theory of cultural relativism and its applications in a range of professions. Fully updated and rewritten for the twenty-first century, this edition:

  • Reveals the unexamined rules by which people in different cultures think, feel, and act in business, family, schools, and political organizations
  • Explores how national cultures differ in the key areas of inequality, collectivism versus individualism, assertiveness versus modesty, tolerance for ambiguity, and deferment of gratification
  • Explains how organizational cultures differ from national cultures, and how they can--sometimes--be managed
  • Explains culture shock, ethnocentrism, stereotyping, differences in language and humor, and other aspects of intercultural dynamics
  • Provides powerful insights for businesspeople, civil servants, physicians, mental health professionals, law enforcement professionals, and others

Geert Hofstede, Ph.D., is professor emeritus of Organizational Anthropology and International Management at Maastricht University, The Netherlands. Gert Jan Hofstede, Ph.D., is a professor of Information Systems at Wageningen University and the son of Geert Hofstede.

--This text refers to the Paperback edition.

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Customer Reviews

10 Reviews
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Average Customer Review
4.7 out of 5 stars (10 customer reviews)
 
 
 
 
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8 of 8 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Breakthrough research into cultural differences, 20 Jun 2001
Hofstede identifies 5 dimensions upon which cultures differ - from 1. individual/collective programming 2. relation to authority 3. risk avoidance 4. masculine/feminine societies and 5. short/long term orientation. His research spanned thousands of surveys within the same company IBM to establish the key differences in the way people think. His work marked a breakthrough in this field as he produced tables, maps and clusters to show cultures in relation to each other. Illustrated with historical and real life examples, this still is the starting point into cross-cultural behaviour.
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7 of 7 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Excellent, 20 Dec 2005
By Layla (Dubai - UAE) - See all my reviews
Hofstede is, of course, the pioneer of culture studies in business and organizations. This book is a simpler and more accessible version of the more comprehensive - but also more difficult, 'Culture's Consequences'.

He begins with an excellent overview of culture and its levels and explains the concept of cultural `dimensions' - aspects of culture that can differentiate and measure differences among different cultural groups. The book then proceeds to present the four dimensions of culture that he identified as a result of a massive survey he conducted on IBM employees in 72 countries in 1968 and again in 1972. Additional data was later collected from other countries and populations, outside IBM, and used to verify and enhance the original results.

However, in this book, Hofstede discusses his four original dimensions of culture: Power Distance; Uncertainty Avoidance; Individualism & Collectivism; and finally Masculinity & Femininity. The fifth dimension which was later added based on results from the Far East and Asia - Long- versus Short-Term Orientation - is not discussed in this book. Despite that, it remains a very valuable and highly readable introduction to the topic from the man who pioneered the field and popularized it among business people, multinationals and business researchers alike.

Hofstede also uses these dimensions of culture to 'classify' organizations to different types according to where they fall on the Power Distance vs. Uncertainty Avoidance grid. The discussion is highly informative and touches on Mintzberg's theories as well typical models of organization in different cultures. In Part Four, he discusses how intercultural encounters are affected by these dimensions and how awareness and acceptance of these differences can yield more effective results.

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5 of 5 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars Essential if working with Brits, French, Germans, Yanks....., 14 Jul 2001
By M. J. Farncombe "m_farncombe" (Guildford UK) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)      
I was first introduced to Cultures and Organisations in the mid 90s, and since then it has been an invaluable reference guide when working with or managing international teams to avoid the feelings of anger, betrayal or bewilderment that come from cultural mismatches. GH is not, to be honest, a stunningly good writer (so only 4 stars) but the book is an essential refernce guide for managers.
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Most Recent Customer Reviews

4.0 out of 5 stars useful book
I found this book very useful and it helped my understanding in managing change in organisations. i'm definitely pleased with it.. Read more
Published 5 months ago by Tia B.

5.0 out of 5 stars Cultural Sensitivity Learning
I have found this book very useful for new change consultants who are venturing out into a global environment, this at least prepares people to think about cultural norms and the... Read more
Published on 27 May 2007 by Stephen Parry

5.0 out of 5 stars At last, something useful and based upon data rather than conjecture
I rarely write reviews of books on Amazon, this one however has made me want to recommend it.
The authors have managed to sum up some key differences between cultures,... Read more
Published on 31 Aug 2006 by Mr. D. Abrahams

5.0 out of 5 stars Monumental piece of work on differences in cultures
Geert Hofstede is Emeritus Professor at Maastricht University in The Netherlands. He was Professor of Organisational Anthropology and International Management at the University of... Read more
Published on 12 Aug 2005 by Gerard Kroese

5.0 out of 5 stars Essential reading before a multi-country project!
This book was recommended to us in a cultural awareness course.
Interestingly, the subject has been most valuable to me in my
multi-country technical projects! Read more
Published on 22 Jan 2004

5.0 out of 5 stars I wish I read this before working abroad
Provides a good insight into how different cultures operate. Some parts are very technical, but is supported with good practical examples. Read more
Published on 28 May 2002 by Rhonda Cheryl Parry

4.0 out of 5 stars Tough hardhitting heavy information to be slowly digested.
This is a slow read, but take heart, read it all and also read "Corporate Culture and Performance" by Kotter and Haskett. Read more
Published on 7 April 1999

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