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Washington's Crossing (Pivotal Moments in American History)
 
 
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Washington's Crossing (Pivotal Moments in American History) [Hardcover]

David Hackett Fischer
4.8 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (4 customer reviews)

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Product details

  • Hardcover: 576 pages
  • Publisher: OUP USA (15 April 2004)
  • Language English
  • ISBN-10: 0195170342
  • ISBN-13: 978-0195170344
  • Product Dimensions: 25 x 15.6 x 4.3 cm
  • Average Customer Review: 4.8 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (4 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Bestsellers Rank: 1,167,902 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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David Hackett Fischer
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Product Description

Review

...a rapid-fire narrative built around an episode enshrined in American folklore, engaging thumbnail sketches of the major players, a willingness to expose conventional wisdom to the harsh light of archival research. (The Journal of American History )

Fischer...knows the sources inside and out and uses them authoritatively to challenge long-held assumptions about his topic. (The Journal of American History )

Product Description

Six months after Independence, the American Revolution was all but lost. A powerful British force had routed the Americans at New York, occupied three colonies, and advanced within sight of Philadelphia. George Washington lost 90 percent of his army, and was driven across the Delaware River. Panic and despair spread through the states. As the author recounts in this riveting history, many Americans refused to let the Revolution die. In mid-December, the people of occupied New Jersey began to rise against British and German troops. They created an opportunity for George Washington. On Christmas night, as a howling nor'easter struck the Delaware Valley, Washington led his men across the river and attacked the exhausted Hessian garrison at Trenton, killing or capturing nearly a thousand men. A second battle of Trenton followed a week later. The Americans repelled an attack by Lord Cornwallis, but were nearly trapped. They escaped in the night, marched behind the enemy, and defeated a British brigade at Princeton. Badly shaken, the British retreated to an enclave near the coast. For twelve weeks the Americans kept the initiative in small attacks that took a large toll of Howe's army, and wrecked his strategy. American spirits soared. A new three-year army was recruited, a continental executive was organized, and the states created permanent republican governments. European leaders were quick to take notice. Fischer's richly textured narrative reveals the role of contingency in these events. We see how the campaign developed in a web of hard choices by many actors on both sides. While British and German forces remained rigid and hierarchical, Americans invented an open and flexible system that was fundamental to their success. At the same time, Washington and his army developed an American way of war, and also a war-ethic that John Adams called "the policy of humanity." Their conduct of the War for Independence gave new meaning to the Revolution, in a pivotal moment for American history.

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First Sentence
IT WAS MARCH 17, 1776, the mud season in New England. Read the first page
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Front Cover | Copyright | Table of Contents | Excerpt | Index | Back Cover
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3 of 3 people found the following review helpful
Format:Hardcover
Many historians have in recent years picked up on the idea of so-called social history or what David Donald has called, "The intense study of the unexceptional." Since I tend to agree with Donald's opinion of this new movement among historians I was dismayed to find that the Editor's Note promised (or warned) that this book was that kind of study. Therefore I started this book with much trepidation and with the idea that I was not going to be impressed at all. I didn't have to read to many pages however before I found that my premonition of doom was very much a mistake, for there is very little in this book that I didn't find to be very enlightening and enjoyable.

The author does spend a good deal of time writing about what the common soldiers of both armies were suffering through but he does it in such a way that it only adds flavor to the bigger story he is telling. One gets a real feel for the miseries of the night marches through mud, ice, snow and rain with inadequate shoes and clothing. As the story unfolds one has to wonder how the men of either army managed to survive the weather, let alone combat. The author also tells of the infamous treatment suffered by the civilian population of New Jersey at the hands of British and German troops. This behavior turned a fairly docile population into angry patriots and this contributed mightily to the success of later American efforts.

Throughout most of this book Professor Fischer is very kind to George Washington and in the case of the disaster at New York perhaps too kind. On the whole though the author offers what seems to be a very credible picture of Washington the general and the trials he faced. In the modern age of instant communications it is hard to imagine that in 1776 Americans from different states had little in common except language and sometimes not even that. Washington faced a difficult task in fusing this disjointed group into an American Army but he did it and Fischer explains how. The author also clearly shows how Washington and his lieutenants learned from their mistakes and grew into their roles. The lessons learned in this campaign by Nathaniel Greene would become very important as the war wore on. It would also turn out to be very important that Lord Cornwallis failed to learn much at all from his Jersey experiences.

Most important of all however is that the American cause that was about to collapse in mid December 1776 was on the offensive by the following spring. The thesis of this book is that the campaigns that started with "Washington's Crossing" were a turning point in American history and the author makes a very compelling argument for his thesis. The campaigns of the winter of 1776-77 are not often given the credit they deserve in deciding the outcome of the American Revolution, an error I have been guilty of myself. Reading this extremely informative, well-written and thoroughly researched book has made a believer of me and hopefully it will influence generations of historians yet to come.

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2 of 2 people found the following review helpful
A Fine Book 2 Jan 2005
Format:Hardcover
For British readers there must be some irony that this fine book is from Oxford University Press but by an American author

The author David Fischer is a highly regarded American historian and a well known author with a number of other popular books published. The present book is part of a series "Pivotal Moments in American History", and the present book concentrates on the important and perhaps pivotal winter of 1776 when after The Declaration of Independence the American forces suffered a series of military defeats in three colonies and they faced a possible dissolution of the army under Washington. The actions described in the book were important in maintaing the momentum of the revolution that continued for another six years.

I have just finished reading His Excellency George Washington by Joseph Ellis and I would - in addition to the present book - highly recommend that book. It gives a broad 50 year view of the build up to the revolution starting from approximately 1752 and continuing to around 1800. Ellis is a Pulitzer Prize winner and it is superbly written, simply a beautiful book. In any case I was interested in reading more about the struggles.

The author has put together a fine book here almost 600 pages long (564) that covers the story in much detail in 420 pages and then has a lengthy reference section at the back of the book. The war went on for almost seven years so this book is on one brief but important moment in that war - December 1776.

The book concentrates on the New York and the New Jersey actions around and during December 1776 time frame, but mostly on New Jersey. In the book the author provides a lot of background information on the citizens, the troops, how the armies functioned, tactics, battles, etc and their military leaders.

As a bonus, in addition to all the reference materials at the back, are the many pictures, paintings, and maps including some that show troop movements in different battles. These photos and other pictures are in black and white. These graphics and photographs fill in many details and give the book some life. All in all a beautiful job by the author.

Highly recommend.

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1 of 1 people found the following review helpful
Format:Hardcover
It is over a year since i read this but I remember thoroughly enjoying it. The analysis of the art combines very well with a perceptive investigation of Washingto's role in the war from both a political, mililtary and mythological perspective. An intelligent book and one that I enjoyed sufficiently to purchase his earlier one on Paul Revere.
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