This book, written by one of Prof Smail's students, is just as good as his Crusader Warfare, of which it is a continuation. Note however that each book can perfectly well be read separately. This one analyzes Crusader warfare in Outremer after the Third Crusade and until the Fall of Acre and the end of Outremer. Many of the features presented in Crusader warfare are also present in this book, except that they are amplified. Basically, the author present a clear and readable picture of a tactical and strategic situation that was slowly deteriorating in the long run. The main elements were:
- the gross disparity in numbers, with the Franks being entirely outnumbered and reduced to a shrinking coastal trip of territory studded with fortified ports and castles
- the Franks growing inability to put significant forces in the field, especially after 1244 where the Kingdom's army, allied to the Syrians, was destroyed once again, just as it had been at Hattin
- their growing reliance on fortresses as a result, with what Marshall terms a "besieged fortress mentality" which included a kind of passivity and retaliations limited to raids
- a growing reliance on the Military Orders to defend many of these fortresses, as lay lords did not have the financial means - and often not the will - to continue what increasingly looked like a hopless defense.
To demonstrate these features, this book analyzes in-depth the tactics, campaigns, troop types and effectives fielded on both sides. It also shows how fortresses were strengthened and adapted to the increasing limitations of fighting in the field.
As C. Marshall makes out very clearly, additional features ensured the worsening of the situation over time. While the Muslims states were initially divided after the death of Saladin, allowing the Christians to more or less hold their own, the landscape changed as Baïbar, the first of the Mamluk Sultans, came to power in Egypt. Just before, the Christians were busy fighting a civil war between the Imperialists and the lay barons, with the Templars and the Hospitallers taking different sides, of course, whereas for a large part of the century, Genoa, Pise and Venice were also fighting each other in naval wars.
Finally, Marshall also analyzes the reasons for the failure of all latter Crusades.
A superb, well-written, clear and concise read. A book I have had and read a number of times for almost 20 years. It offers a particularly enlightening explanation of the slow demise of Outremer.