Vanessa Bell was a talented artist and a key figure in the development of modernist painting and, like her sister, Virginia Woolf, she played a central part in the formation and continuance of the Bloomsbury Group. In this excellent biography, Frances Spalding has revealed just how important and considerable Vanessa Bell's role was within that group, for although she was neither a writer nor an intellectual, she provided the integrity and stability that was needed in this set of talented writers, artists and thinkers.
Vanessa Bell was born Vanessa Stephen in 1879, eldest daughter of Leslie Stephen, editor of the Dictionary of National Biography and his second wife, Julia Duckworth. She was one of the four children Leslie and Julia had together, with two younger brothers and a sister, Virginia, who later became the writer and diarist, Virginia Woolf. Vanessa's early life was the privileged, but very restricted life of a child brought up in late Victorian England, however after the death of her parents, Vanessa moved to Bloomsbury with her brothers and sister and threw off the constraints of her upbringing. As the wife of Clive Bell she gave birth to two sons: Julian and Quentin; as the close friend (and the one-time lover) of Roger Fry, she was involved with bringing the first, radical Post-Impressionist Art Exhibition to London in 1910; as the lover of the painter Duncan Grant, she had one daughter: Angelica (some achievement in itself as Grant was a confirmed homosexual). As an artist, Vanessa Bell played an important part within the history of English art for the first thirty years of the twentieth century and she played a less significant, but none the less distinguished role as a colourist for the rest of her life. Alongside of her easel paintings, Vanessa also designed and created interiors and one of her most lasting achievements was Charleston Farmhouse, her very colourful and beautiful family home in East Sussex which she created for her children, her family and very close friends - but most significantly as a haven for her one time lover and long time companion, Duncan Grant - whose presence, if not his sexual fidelity, was essential to Vanessa's well-being.
Vanessa Bell's life was unconventional and unorthodox; it was a life through which ran love, friendship and laughter, alongside grief, loss and sorrow. With this exceptionally good and well researched biography, Frances Spalding has brought Vanessa Bell's story to life. I read it first in the 1980s in the original hardback edition and have re-read it so many times that I now have the paperback copy as a back up.
N.B. Frances Spalding has also written an excellent biography on Duncan Grant:
Duncan Grant: A Biography which is an interesting and useful companion to this one. Also recommended:
Virginia Woolf and Vanessa Bell: A Very Close Conspiracyby Jane Dunn and
Virginia Woolf by Hermoine Lee