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The Scotsman
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* 'Twice A Stranger is a book that needed to be written, and Bruce Clark has achieved it superbly. Anyone with an interest in Greece or Turkey ought to read it' Daily Telegraph * 'Wise new book... fascinating' Sunday Times
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Most Helpful Customer Reviews
27 of 28 people found the following review helpful
Format:Paperback
This is a chilling reminder of the way in which ordinary people often pay the cost of mistakes in international politics and disputes. In 'Twice A Stranger' Clarke explains how the implementation of the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923 led to hundreds of thousands of Turkish Christians being expelled into Greece while Greek Muslims were expelled into Turkey. The title of the book comes from an explanation given by one of the exchangees. They felt they were 'twice a stranger'; a stranger in the country they were born in as well as a stranger in the country they were forced to live in.
Clark's interweaving of the political history and personal stories creates an absorbing and readable account of a largely forgotten period of twentieth century history.
This great book could be read in conjunction with 'Birds Without Wings' by Louis De Bernieres as this gives a brilliant, personalised (if fictional) account of the exchange through the eyes of a small community in Western Anatolia.
Clark's interweaving of the political history and personal stories creates an absorbing and readable account of a largely forgotten period of twentieth century history.
This great book could be read in conjunction with 'Birds Without Wings' by Louis De Bernieres as this gives a brilliant, personalised (if fictional) account of the exchange through the eyes of a small community in Western Anatolia.
8 of 8 people found the following review helpful
Format:Paperback|Amazon Verified Purchase
Like many others,no doubt,who've visited Turkey's Agean and Black Sea coasts,I've noticed heaps of ruins on hillsides and hilltops scattered here and there as the bus goes between modern Turkish towns.I stopped off at one just outside Gelibolu last November,but thanks to Bruce Clark's book in my rucksack,I had some idea of what happened there in the early 1920s.
Clark's book shows how,in the aftermath of World War One,the Allies and Greece tried to reshape the ethnic Turkish heartland of the Ottoman Empire.They didn't foresee the emergence of Ataturk,the explosion of Turkish nationalism,and Ataturk and his followers' willingness to go to extremes to achieve their objectives,nor what lengths the Greek army would go to to subdue Turks in zones occupied by them.
By far the best bits of this are the eyewitness testimonies of very aged Greek and Turkish who were caught up in the war,reprisals and forced migration.In total,about 2 million Turks and Greeks were forcibly exchanged,Greeks from the Black Sea and Agean littoral,even as far away as Cappodocia,Turks from Crete and Salonika,as well as many Agean islands.Greek-speaking muslims and Turkish-speaking christians were expelled as religion was the criteria used to judge who should be expelled or not.The stories are heartbreaking,not just of the expulsion but also how the expellees tried to make new lives in their unwanted new homelands.The destruction of Turkey's urban economy,already weakened by the mass killings of Armenians in 1915-16,was completed by the expulsion of the urban Greeks.Greece's agricultural economy suddenly had to make room for farmers expelled from Turkey.Total disaster,in other words-except for nationalist politicians in both Athens and Ankara.Nation-building could now commence.
Was it all really inevitable?Clark tends towards that viewpoint,but he acknowledges that this set a gruesome precedent for the 20th century.The mass expulsions of Germans from eastern Europe after 1945,the forcible exchanges in Cyprus after 1974,ethnic cleansing in the ex-Yugoslavia after 1991,even Israeli expulsions of Palestinians after 1948 and 1967 can all trace some ancestry to these events.If it happened so frequently in the 20th century,why can't it happen again?
Great,well-written history,highly recommended.Only four stars as it should have been longer,the oral histories recounted in this are truly amazing.If you enjoy reading this,try Mark Mazower's "Salonika,City Of Ghosts"
Clark's book shows how,in the aftermath of World War One,the Allies and Greece tried to reshape the ethnic Turkish heartland of the Ottoman Empire.They didn't foresee the emergence of Ataturk,the explosion of Turkish nationalism,and Ataturk and his followers' willingness to go to extremes to achieve their objectives,nor what lengths the Greek army would go to to subdue Turks in zones occupied by them.
By far the best bits of this are the eyewitness testimonies of very aged Greek and Turkish who were caught up in the war,reprisals and forced migration.In total,about 2 million Turks and Greeks were forcibly exchanged,Greeks from the Black Sea and Agean littoral,even as far away as Cappodocia,Turks from Crete and Salonika,as well as many Agean islands.Greek-speaking muslims and Turkish-speaking christians were expelled as religion was the criteria used to judge who should be expelled or not.The stories are heartbreaking,not just of the expulsion but also how the expellees tried to make new lives in their unwanted new homelands.The destruction of Turkey's urban economy,already weakened by the mass killings of Armenians in 1915-16,was completed by the expulsion of the urban Greeks.Greece's agricultural economy suddenly had to make room for farmers expelled from Turkey.Total disaster,in other words-except for nationalist politicians in both Athens and Ankara.Nation-building could now commence.
Was it all really inevitable?Clark tends towards that viewpoint,but he acknowledges that this set a gruesome precedent for the 20th century.The mass expulsions of Germans from eastern Europe after 1945,the forcible exchanges in Cyprus after 1974,ethnic cleansing in the ex-Yugoslavia after 1991,even Israeli expulsions of Palestinians after 1948 and 1967 can all trace some ancestry to these events.If it happened so frequently in the 20th century,why can't it happen again?
Great,well-written history,highly recommended.Only four stars as it should have been longer,the oral histories recounted in this are truly amazing.If you enjoy reading this,try Mark Mazower's "Salonika,City Of Ghosts"
15 of 17 people found the following review helpful
Format:Paperback
Coming from a family which had to leave Salonica in 1912 during the Balkan Wars, I found the book very well prepared and unbiased.
Both Venizelos and Ataturk had the desire of creating -mono ethnic- nation states during the most problematic years of the history required and saw the exchange as an opportunity to stabilize their turf, which lead to great deal of suffering of individuals. For readers who are interested in this topic I highly recommend 'Salonica, city of ghosts' by Mark Mazower, 'Levander Seller' by Nicholas Stavroulakis and 'Emanet Ceyiz' by Kemal Yalcin.
I especially liked the final section of the book as it is intriquing a question in the readers' mind about the future of homogenious nation states in the fast globalizing world. To be more precise, how will Turkey be able to coop to become a member of the European Union with its heavily protected, single nation state ideology, with nearly non existent Christian population.
Will Turkey be able to tolerate/live in a multi ethnic state?
I personally beleive that, having surged from the ruins of an empire with multi religion, multi ethinicity; which in a way, lead to its collapse and with a xenophobic population this is going to be challanging for the Turks but not impossible.
However, the bigger question is, will european union and its population be able to live side by side, as equal individuals with 70 million Turks especially during a time where Muslimophobia is fast spreading?
Both Venizelos and Ataturk had the desire of creating -mono ethnic- nation states during the most problematic years of the history required and saw the exchange as an opportunity to stabilize their turf, which lead to great deal of suffering of individuals. For readers who are interested in this topic I highly recommend 'Salonica, city of ghosts' by Mark Mazower, 'Levander Seller' by Nicholas Stavroulakis and 'Emanet Ceyiz' by Kemal Yalcin.
I especially liked the final section of the book as it is intriquing a question in the readers' mind about the future of homogenious nation states in the fast globalizing world. To be more precise, how will Turkey be able to coop to become a member of the European Union with its heavily protected, single nation state ideology, with nearly non existent Christian population.
Will Turkey be able to tolerate/live in a multi ethnic state?
I personally beleive that, having surged from the ruins of an empire with multi religion, multi ethinicity; which in a way, lead to its collapse and with a xenophobic population this is going to be challanging for the Turks but not impossible.
However, the bigger question is, will european union and its population be able to live side by side, as equal individuals with 70 million Turks especially during a time where Muslimophobia is fast spreading?
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Most Recent Customer Reviews
Amazing and touching
Just could not stop turning the pages. Fabulous, balanced narration from both sides of the story. This is essential reading for anyone even with a slight interest in this topic.
Published 4 months ago by Chris
Excellent social and political history of a turbulent period in...
As part of the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne Greece and Turkey agreed to, in effect, swap the Greek population living in Turkey and the Muslim population living in Greece. Read more
Published 6 months ago by haunted
Balanced and informative
Bruce Clark has made a good job of giving an account of the exchange of populations between Greece and Turkey after the Treaty of Lausanne. Read more
Published 11 months ago by Mrs. M. Connolly
Making history human
The Lausanne Treaty led to a population exchange involving millions of 'Turks' and 'Greeks' in 1923. Read more
Published 24 months ago by Isafish
an excellent read
Having an interest in the history of both Greece and Turkey, i found this book to be an excellent edition to the many books available on this topic. Read more
Published on 9 Dec 2009 by James Watson
Interesting read
As previous reviewers have rightly said this could only be written by a foreigner (Non Turk or Greek) The author also has the benefit of neither being over simplistic or arrogant. Read more
Published on 18 April 2009 by Gogol
Very well researched
Such a book could only have been written by a foreigner (non-Greek & non-Turk), as the subject is still off-limits for most Greeks and Turks. Read more
Published on 6 Sep 2007 by Dinos A
more maps please!
I have so far only read half of this fascinating book, and I just wanted to say it is a book I have long hoped someone would write. Read more
Published on 31 May 2007 by H. Morton
A Thorough Account A Painful Historical Event
Twice A Stranger is clearly one of the most thorough analyses of the Greek-Turkish population exchange in the English language, and a very well-written one at that! Read more
Published on 6 Aug 2006 by Dimostenis Yagcioglu
Forgotten tragedies
I bought this book after becoming interested in the subject of the traumatic population exchanges of the 1920s in Louis De Berniers' last novel 'Birds Without Wings' (highly... Read more
Published on 31 July 2006 by Bibliophile
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