When the Japanese invaded China in 1937 and French Indo-China in 1941, the handwriting was on the wall for the colony of Singapore, one of Great Britain's most important military and economic centers. Hubris, and the sense that their military power was vastly superior to any other in the world, however, led to Britain's lack of military preparedness and the astonishingly quick takeover of Malaya and Singapore by the Japanese in 1942, handing the British what Winston Churchill called "the worst disaster and largest capitulation in British history." Author J. G. Farrell recreates these traumatic days in Singapore as the final novel in his "Empire Trilogy," which, like Troubles and The Siege of Krishnapur, combines Farrell's cynicism, black humor, and sense of absurdity with his uncompromising honesty about colonialism--Britain's greed, its colonial "mission," and its cruelty toward its "subjects."
The venerable Singapore merchant firm of Blackett and Webb and its principals come vibrantly alive here as they deal with continuing strikes, unrest in rural areas, challenges to the government by the communists, and an influx of immigrants from other countries. The outbreak of war in Europe has made the demand for Blackett and Webb's rubber supplies a high priority for Britain's military cars and planes, and Blackett and Webb are poised to capitalize by manipulating prices, withholding product, and evading the law. Associating with generals, the leaders of society, and local governors, the company's representatives are busy planning an elaborate jubilee celebration. Even as the Japanese are attacking from the north, Walter Blackett continues with the planned celebration.
Farrell has obviously spent a great deal of time researching not only the actions of the military and diplomatic corps from several countries, but also determining the personalities of the British characters (real) who act within the novel. Air Chief-Marshall Sir Robert Brooke-Popham and Lt. Gen. Arthur Percival have innumerable scenes which establish their attitudes and explain their actions--and inactions. In a surprise, Farrell also includes scenes in which the Japanese reveal their own points of view as officers Kikuchi, Matsushida, and his assistant Nakamura, prepare for the battle for Singapore.
Farrell handles innumerable plot lines (and battle lines) with assurance and historical accuracy, illustrating the reality of history within the everyday lives of the merchant princes of Singapore. As the Japanese come closer to attacking Singapore, the reader is stunned by some of the reactions of the British community, concerned primarily that "the dignity of the British Government is at stake," not with the real lives that are threatened. As Singapore falls, the horrors are dramatic, revealing the inner resources--or lack thereof--of all the main characters, and as these escape--or fail to escape--Farrell has educated his readers so well that it is difficult to decide whether to be glad or sad about the fates of the characters we have followed for five hundred pages. Ultimately, Farrell's own opinions in favor of a forward-thinking world view shine through brightly, in stark contrast to those of his main characters. Mary Whipple
Troubles: (New York Review Books Classics)The Siege of Krishnapur (New York Review Books Classics)