I admit to a long-standing interest in the Turin Shroud, as it featured in a book of 'Great Mysteries' that was a favourite of mine as a child. When news of the carbon dating of the Shroud came out in 1988 I was, despite being quite staunchly atheistic, rather sad to hear that it was a forgery from the Middle Ages. It was a little like that moment when one finds out that Santa doesn't exist - a little bit of magic seemed to have gone from the world. But as this book testifies the 1988 test wasn't the end of the story, and twenty-two years on the Shroud remains an enigma.
Ian Wilson has become something of a Turin Shroud specialist over the years and this book contains quite a bit of information and extracts from earlier works. This is no bad thing, as it's a complicated topic. His position is undoubtedly pro-authenticity, but I don't think that should be a problem for those with an open mind. He simply states the facts as they are known, speculates on some plausible possibilities and occasionally suggests answers. All historians do this. They also provide evidence of meticulous research, and the notes section here is very thorough indeed. There aren't any headline-grabbing sensationalist theories or revelations, but Wilson's quietly scholarly style makes for an absorbing read. The bulk of the book is concerned with the history of the Shroud, which Wilson suggests is one and the same as the 'lost' Orthodox 'Image of Edessa'. One can dismiss this identification, but even if one does we're still left with a fascinating look at the religion, politics and intrigue of two thousand years.
What even the biggest skeptic should come away with after reading this is that if the Turin Shroud is a medieval forgery, it's a work of unparalleled genius and totally undeserving of the dismissive scorn with which it is greeted in some circles. No-one has yet managed to replicate the subtlety of the image or the bloodstains - and Wilson provides photographs of the various efforts so far attempted so we can judge this for ourselves. The most successful 'replica' is a kind of primitive photograph. So the incredible evidence so far discovered suggests that if the Shroud is not genuine it must be the only surviving evidence that photography existed 400 years before the traditional date of its invention. Pretty mind-blowing, either way.
What is most refreshing about Wilson's work, especially compared to the whackier theories on both sides, is that he appears happy to meet problems head on. For example, whilst it is important for his case that he throws doubt on the 1988 carbon dating tests that seemed to establish that the Shroud is a medieval forgery he does not subscribe to the rather overly-convenient theory that the sample tested came from a medieval repair. Instead he makes a more subtle case for the contamination of the sample through the years in which the Shroud was indubitably over-handled. Similarly, Wilson examines in some detail the so called 'D'Arcis Memorandum', a 14th Century document written by a bishop who claims that his predecessor Henri de Poitiers had investigated and found the Shroud to be 'cunningly painted', which is again often used as damning evidence against its authenticity.
Highly recommended to those with an open mind.