Let me comment on the reviewers. The academics give the book five stars, and the occasional nay sayer gives it three. They are both right. The book is an academic tour de force, an excursion into anthropological, ecological, demographic, and literary theory. A treasure trove of information for the academically inclined. For the general reader, on the other hand (the reader wondering what to make of the Three Gorges Dam, how many fish remain in the East China Sea, or the fate of the panda), the pickings are rather slim. The subtitle might have mentioned that the history ends with the end of imperial China. The chapters on the Yellow River delta I found particularly confusing. You need a good atlas (Elvin tells you this in the first sentence of the book) but I think it was more than that. I agree with the three star review on this. The chapters on minorities in China's southwest, on the other hand, delve into the history of that colonialism and send me off to my bookshelf to dust off a couple of ethnographies. A very fine piece of scholarship. Some will find it rough going.