In its published form, "The Origins of European Thought" is a wide-ranging cross-cultural survey, It shows how what we consider "common sense" concepts about ourselves and the world around us emerged from a complex of ideas which now seem strange and alien (such as knees as sexual organs). Although many of the examples it offers are debatable, and some of its positions have been repeatedly challenged, nothing quite like it exists, at least in English. It is a mine of odd data, and frequently fascinating.
Originally, however, it was a prize-winning "Contribution to Classical studies." As a result of the competition rules, Greek and Latin passages are quoted without translation, unlike citations from Old Norse, Hebrew, Chinese, etc. Access to a good library containing translations of Homer, Hesiod, the Greek tragedians, Plato, and Aristotle, would be extremely helpful for almost anyone using the book. Fortunately, most of important passages now are available on-line.
Onians' book had an impact on several important British classical scholars while still in draft or galley-proof form in the late 1930s and 1940s, and was cited under earlier working titles. It was finally published in 1951, after many delays, some due to the author, some, including a World War, out of his hands. During this time the original book accumulated massive appendices as supplements to the already type-set main text.
As a fairly expensive hardcover, the book seems to have been cited and consulted more often than absorbed, and it is a pity that it took until 1988 for it to appear as a more reasonably priced paperback. Having had to compete for a reserve copy, I snatched it up as soon as I saw it was in paperback, and I could monopolize it with a clean conscience.
It is still too long and too complicated to for me to imagine it being assigned as an undergraduate textbook, and I would not suggest it as light reading. However, anyone with a serious interest in how modern European-based cultures came to think as they do about the very nature of ourselves and the world we experience should try to take a long look at it. If you are using a library that doesn't have it, suggest it. If you can find a copy, check it over. You may, like me, find that you want it for yourself.
Note: Since this review was originally submitted, the thumbnail of the cover displayed on Amazon has changed from the original blue paperback cover, with a somewhat, and appropriately, enigmatic figurine, to an equally appropriate, and much more "classical," image, which happens to be quite beautiful. Anyone ordering a used copy therefore may find that it looks disappointingly different.