Benjamin Isaac's work is very important for ancient historians who are studying how Rome maintained its empire in the East. Unlike simiplistic models that claim it was the might of the Emperor or the brutality of the army, this book looks at the interactions of the local people, the idea of the Emperor, the legal and social codes of the Empire and the realities of military occupation of a region. Certainly more current research will answer some of the questions I had while reading this book but Isaac's approach was unique in the early 1990s and it was an eye opener. It is not for anyone without a basic understanding of Greek or Latin and an advanced grasp of the ancient world during the Roman Empire. In order to best use this book, you must be a historian, an ancient historian.