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It is April 1793 and the final power struggle of the French Revolution is taking hold: the aristocrats are dead and the poor are fighting for bread in the streets. In a Paris swept by fear and hunger lives Gamelin, a revolutionary young artist appointed magistrate, and given the power of life and death over the citizens of France. But his intense idealism and unbridled single-mindedness drive him inexorably towards catastrophe. Published in 1912, The Gods Will Have Blood is a breathtaking story of the dangers of fanaticism, while its depiction of the violence and devastation of the Reign of Terror is strangely prophetic of the sweeping political changes in Russia and across Europe.
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Anatole France (Jacques-Anatole-Francois Thibault) was born in Paris in 1844, the only son of a book dealer. Working throughout his life in the publishing industry, he also contributed to various reviews and from 1873 was beginning to focus on his own creative writing. In 1897 he was elected to the Academic Francaise. The decisive shift in his career came in his participation in the Dreyfus affair, on behalf of the convicted Jewish officer. It marked the first stage of his emergence as one of the 'representative men' of his epoch, and brought about his conversion to socialism. Subsequent works reflect thsi sharpened humane concern. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1921. He died in 1924.
Frederick Davies is widely known as the translator of the plays of Carlo Goldini. He is a Fellow at Churchill College, Cambridge.
First Sentence
VERY early one morning, Évariste Gamelin - artist, pupil of David,* member of the Section du Pont-Neuf, formerly Section Henri IV - was to be seen approaching the ancient church of the Barnabites, which had served for three years, since the 21st May, 1790, as the meeting-place for the general assembly of the Section.* Read the first page
I once challenged myself to read all the Penguin Classics in the Viking catalogue. I think I've made it through about 70% of the listings and feel rewarded for the effort. I couldn't recall much about this one, so I re-read it recently. Its not a work that I would wholeheartedly recommend. Anatole France, like Flaubert, is known for "le mot juste," however Flaubert was a greater craftsman than France (whose real name was Jacques Thilbault). Perhaps there is need of a better translation. Even the title in this Penguin edition is misleading. There is no reference to "Blood" in the original (Les Dieux ont soif). The story follows the upwardly mobile path of Evariste Gamelin, a young Parisian painter and student of the reknowned Jacques Louis David (whose famous portrait of Marat lying assassinated in his bathtub adorns the cover of the Peguin edition). Gamelin is one of those single-minded idealists who show up wherever and whenever there is a revolution to be fought. His hero is Robespierre, and while Robespierre's star is in the ascendent, during the Reign of Terror, Gamelin's star shines too. He is transformed from struggling artist to magistrate on the Revolutionary Tribunal. He also passes from a rather meek lover of humanity, who engages in such altruistic acts of kindness as giving half his last loaf of bread to a hungry mother and her child, to a monstrous, indiscriminate killing machine, sending innocent victims by the droves to their deaths. He settles scores with most of the characters in the novel, sending them to the guillotine sometimes for personal reasons, at other times simply as a matter of implimenting his messianic impulses. Eventually the bloody excesses of Gamelin and his ilk serve to inflame the populace, who turn on Robespierre and his Jacobin followers, Gamelin included....
Frederick Davies, the translator of this edition, contends that "The Gods Will Have Blood is not only the greatest novel Anatole France wrote, it is one of the greatest of French novels." I strongly disagree. I don't see Anatole France even approaching such novelists as Flaubert, Hugo, Huysmans, Gide, Stendhal, etc. This work is definitely of the second rank as well. The novel is structured rather clumsily. France spends almost the entire first half of the book on exposition. Plot and characterization serve primarily as vehicles for France's polemics. The writing is static, the descriptions highly conventional. There is no comparison to Hugo, Flaubert or Stendhal, who wrote historical novels but invested them with riveting characters and who all had a wonderful eye for detail. Flaubert labored and struggled over each word in his novels, but the finished result was seamless. One is not aware of the labor when reading, one simply enjoys the result and is caught up in the narrative. With France, one is conscious of the labor and the fussing and fumbling. He tries very hard, but the mechanics are flawed and the operation is exposed in all its frailty.
If you want to read a good treatment of the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror that ensued, I would suggest Carlyle. Dicken's A Tale of Two Cities is naturally the most famous novel covering the period, but I'm not a Dickens fan. As you can judge from my reaction to this book, I'm not a big Anatole France fan either, though Penguin Island was at least mildly entertaining.
Firstly, if you even know only a smattering of Frnech you will notice that blood is not mentioned in the title. A more correct translation is The Gods Are Athirst, or even The Gods Are Thirsty. Despite this the title as it stands is still apt, as what the gods are thirsty for is blood. This novel is about the French Revolution, or more specifically that part of it known as the Terror.
This is the first novel of Anatole France's that I have read so I cannot comment on what Frederick Davies says in the introduction, tha this is his masterpiece. Like most people I hardly ever read the introductions, but I would strongly suggest that you read the historical note at the end of the introduction as it will help you place the following novel in it's correct historical time and place.
M. Gamelin is a mediocre artist with strong idealistic views and seems to have found his niche when he becomes a magistrate. As the Terror takes hold Gamelin goes along with it feeling that he is contributing to the Glorious Revolution. People are being beheaded for shouting 'Vive le Roi!' and generals are executed for losing battles, as this must surely be a sign that they are incompetent or in league with the enemy. More and more people are denounced and the prisons become overcrowded, so to speed up matters the 'criminals' are sentenced in groups without a proper defence. Gamelin with his strong ideals can see no problem with this and is more and more determined to take the high ground and condemn these people to the guillotine. Gradually apathy sets in with the general populace, eventually leading to boredom, there are just too many executions. But Madame Guillotine has taken on a life of her own demanding more blood, with the inevitable consequence that she turns on those who feed her....
Contrasted with this is the story of M. Brotteaux, a former aristocrat and atheist and neighbour of Gamelin. He nows makes puppets in his cramped attic and helps a monk and a young prostitute to hide from the Terror, thus himself becoming a wanted man. What France does in this novel is show the contrasts in man of good and evil both on a philosophical level and a metaphysical one. By subtle irony you are kept hooked to the story that leaves you thinking about it a long time after reading it. The main cast is kept quite small and thus the story doesn't run away and become too cumbersome. This is easily the best novel of the French Revolution that I have read. With its descriptions, especially of the queue for bread you can see that if it had been written a few years later and placed in Russia it would be a story of the Russian Revolution. There is no doubt that Anatole France has produced a clever little masterpiece in this novel.Read more ›
This is Anatole France's cautionary tale about ideological fanaticism during the "terror" of the French revolution. It is doubly remarkable in that it was published in the decade prior to the Soviet seizure of power, which imposed decades of political terror in Russia as we know, and in that France was a well-known member of the left. Thus, academics rightfully proclaim it as a symbol of the horrors to follow in the 20C.
Unfortunately, I did not enjoy this book very much. Not only is its tone self-important with ponderous and ever-present references to classical mythology - the myth of Orestes as well as the bacchantes - but its innumerable references to obscure figures of the French Revolution, in all their historical accuracy, make it, well, just plain boring. Moreover, the characters appear more like symbols of abstract ideas than flesh-and-blood creatures, and so are both unrealistic psychologically as well as put in situations in which they can carry out long and improbably philosophic discussions.
The plot follows the impoverished members of an apartment building during a time of grave threat to the revolution. There is a fervent young man (a painter and revolutionary fanatic), his missing sister (shacked up with an aristocrat), his simple mother, and an older cynic atheist (an ex-courtier and libertine), who gives refuge to a persecuted priest and innocent peasant girl. As the revolution takes an increasingly murderous turn, they become ever more intimately involved with each other as vehicles to portray historical events.
As such, the book seems to be written for the French high school student, all of whom memorize survey literature from secondary sources to pass rigorous examinations.... This makes them able to spout facts as if they had read widely, implying depth and thoughtfulness that all too often isn't there. Of course, France obviously has great depth and his historical research is indeed exhaustive, which taught me a great deal. But the book just didn't make me feel like I was there, which was why I read it. Instead, while reading I felt like I was studying for a high school exam.
As I try to get through the classic authors, I am occasionally surprised at the banality and dullness of some of the most famous works. Perhaps this is because I read them from a rather na've perspective, open and as if they are not revered for whatever, but just as a pure reading experience. Thus, my perceptions are personal and limited to my own experience. While the overwhelming majority of classics are truly wonderful, this one was not.
Recommended only for history buffs and students of French lit.Read more ›