We are heading towards the U.S. presidency of Barack Obama. Obama has promised to put the war in Afghanistan high on his list of priorities. Not to reach a negotiated settlement, but to achieve the mirage of a military victory. This will involve U.S. military action in Pakistan and risk destabilising that country. If anyone doubted that Pakistan was being sucked into the centre of the maelstrom of the War Against Terror, they can stop doubting.
It's with this near future in mind that I read Tariq Ali's `The Duel', hoping to find a clear understanding of Pakistani political history and, expecially, how the relationship with U.S. imperialism works. This book gave me what I was looking for.
Tariq knows Pakistani politics and history, knows many of the individuals he writes about personally and, coupled with his own astute political analysis, is able to present a clear and readable account of that politics and history.
It has to be said, that the history of Pakistan is not a pretty one. This unattractive history is marked by the duel (hence the title of the book) between the mass of the Pakistani people and those corrupt, venal and vicious people who make up the elite of Pakistani society - both the civilians and the military - and who run that society in their own interests and in the interests of their key foreign backers in the U.S. and Saudi Arabia.
Tariq presents this history well and weaves analysis into the narrative. You can tell that he also writes novels as his style is very readable.
Key events in Pakistani history are clearly explained and spice added as Tariq delves into such things as competing theories as to who assassinated the vile General Zia and why the journalist Daniel Pearl was murdered.
There are comic moments when, describing U.S. demands on General Musharraf, Tariq quips that, had such demands been met, Pakistan and it's sovereignty would have been reduced to the level of Britain.
More seriously, Tariq proposes reforms which he believes would go a long way to help stabilise Pakistan and improve the lives of it's people. He knows, however, that these reforms will not be implemented as the elite in Pakistan is tied to Washington and, ultimately, serves the needs of Washington.
Tariq fears for the future of Pakistan if the U.S. continues to undermine the state and the army, which he fears may split if put under too much pressure, by launching military operations across the frontier from Afghanistan. The undermining of a nuclear state is a very foolish thing to do.
In the coming months and years Pakistan will move even further on to the centre stage of world events. If you want to understand what is happening and why, then you will need this book.
Excellent.