Girolamo Cardano (1501-1576) lived a long life that covers three quarters of the XVIth century. Among mathematicians he is well-known for his publication on probability. He would be the first one to be surprised to know that he is remembered as a mathematician, for he was primarily a doctor who made a fortune drawing up horoscopes to grandees. His autobiography is unconventional and for the period extremely original. Rather than glossing over his achievements, Cardano revisits his life with scatting comments along the 54 chapters of the book. The autobiography not only described his own life, but his contemporaries and their main preoccupations thus his "meditation on the perpetuation of his name" is also a reflexion on the social mores of his time.
Chapter 39 is about "erudition or the appearance of it". It exposes the contradictory nature of Cardano, a multiple man. Extremely proud and susceptible to any criticism, he is also full of doubt about himself. As he put it the purpose of the chapter is to discover whether he actually knows anything or whether he only seems to know. Another chapter will deal with the importance of the quality of conversation (chapter 53) which is a reflexion on friendship.
Cardano is only remembered for a formula (the Cardano's formula), yet one wonders why he is not more often quoted for his moral philosophy. He is one of the few in the XVIth century to dare to declare the equality of the conditions of all beings, not only of all men but of all living creatures (chapter 44). His philosophy, inevitably, brought him into trouble with the Church and he was jailed for a few months before paying an astronomical sum to remain under house-arrest.
But then, baroque to the end, Cardano, man of science, believes in his guardian angels (chapter 47) and in things absolutely supernatural (chapter 43).
The book is a delight, the translation from Jean Stoner made in 1929 (Cardano wrote in latin) stunningly modern. I would recommend it to anyone visiting Italy. Cardano helps us understand the society that built so many architectural marvels.