Edward Bunker's "The Animal Factory" is not just a great novel about prison life, but a powerful critique of America's penal system. While the book is over 20 years old, it is more timely than ever, with the United States now holding more people in prison than any other country on the planet, both in terms of percentage of population and total numbers.
"Factory" chronicles how an intelligent, thoughtful, non-violent drug offender becomes a cold-blooded killer in little over a year. The San Quentin of Bunker's novel is an arena where anyone can die at any time, many times just hours before being released/paroled. It is a world where any slight to your character must be responded to with force (and oftentimes murder), or you are seen as weak and instant prey for prison rapists. Bunker's novel demonstrates that U.S. prisons are "factories" for super-predators, turning out far more dangerous criminals than those who enter.
While many of the book's arguments are not neccessarily original or ground-breaking, "Factory" condenses these themes brilliantly in a lean and intensely written narrative that grabs you by the throat and doesn't let go.
"Factory" should be required reading by just about everyone, but especially those people who believe that the solution to crime is to pass more laws and build more prisons.
Also highly recommended: "You Are Going to Prison" by Jim Hogshire; "The Hot House" by Pete Earley.