This book is bound to draw comparisons with the like of 'Brave New World', '1984', 'Logan's Run' and so forth but it's strange that it's nowhere near as well known. I've read all of those books, and this one is at least as good, in my opinion.
The story centres around Chip (as he thinks of himself) who is a member of a worldwide society governed by a single supercomputer. Almost every aspect of the citizen's lives are regulated by the computer, including whether particular people are permitted to have children, what they are called (out of 8 potential names), what jobs they do, where they live, and pretty much everything else. Everyone has an injection once a month that dulls their desire to rebel, their sex drive etc, and they are subject to constant propaganda and brainwashing that the computer, UniComp, knows best and will give them appropriate guidance.
The older generation still have some individual attributes and attitudes, but everyone that is young has a very similar appearance and the same sort of personality. Following some 'anitsocial' thinking from his grandfather, Chip begins to have feelings that it might be nice to be able to choose things for himself. This is the start of his exploration of what really is true and what UniComp has falsified in order to keep order. The majority of the book then follows his discoveries as he gradually begins to question the way the society functions while attempting to appear to be a normal citizen. I won't spoil the story by giving any more details.
This is an absolutely excellent book and I would recommend it to fans of any genre, although it fill particularly appeal to sci-fi fans I would think.