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'Bohm presents a highly original view of what it means to look at the world with new eyes.' – Journal of Consciousness Studies
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In these inspiring lectures David Bohm explores Albert Einstein’s celebrated Theory of Relativity that transformed forever the way we think about time and space. Yet for Bohm the implications of the theory were far more revolutionary both in scope and impact even than this. Stepping back from dense theoretical and scientific detail in this eye-opening work, Bohm describes how the notion of relativity strikes at the heart of our very conception of the universe, regardless of whether we are physicists or philosophers.
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The theory of relatively is not merely a scientific development of great importance in its own right. Read the first page
Front Cover | Copyright | Table of Contents | Excerpt | Index | Back Cover
The theory of relatively is not merely a scientific development of great importance in its own right. Read the first page
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Front Cover | Copyright | Table of Contents | Excerpt | Index | Back Cover
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Most Helpful Customer Reviews
14 of 14 people found the following review helpful
Format:Paperback
Based upon a final year undergraduate course, this textbook is a conceptual approach to the special theory of relativity. Rather than present an excessively mathematical exposition, it presents the physical ideas involved in relativity.
The first 50 pages present Galileian relativity and it's conflict with Maxwell's electrodynamics, including the Michelson Morley experiment and the attempts to save space-time concepts with Lorentz theory. Then it goes on to show how Einstein was able to generalise these notions of space and time, and was able to dispense with Lorentz's ether.
The principle features of relativity are then expounded (addition of velocities, energy momentum transformations, equivalence of matter and energy) before the final section of the book analyses such issues as the twin "paradox", and causality.
The approach is focused upon the perceptual structure of relativity - that is, it provides a description of how we perceive the world, rather than a description of an absolute world of facts. A number of chapters, and in particular a long appendix, explore the idea of perception as the basis of physical theories in general.
This book examines relativity from a direction that complements and strenghtens the more mathematical 'textbook' treatment, to give an intuitive understanding of what relativity means, rather than simply 'how to do it'.
3 of 3 people found the following review helpful
Format:Paperback|Amazon Verified Purchase
This masterly account of special relativity is superior to most in explaining just what makes the theory different. Other theories had, after all, already come up with exactly the same equations relating to measuring rods and clocks on the move. But readers are not left to wonder why Einstein gets all the credit for some transforms that Lorentz had previously proposed; Bohm shows the workings from two very different starting points. Lorentz was looking for a kludge to explain why we can't use light beams to measure our speed relative to a stationary ether; Einstein ruled out any such stationary frame of reference from the start - ether or no ether - and saw that all physical laws should remain invariant for all (unaccelerated) observers.
It is explained that Lorentz's equations did the trick, but his theory was otherwise unverifiable. We see how Einstein's theory could have predicted that Michelson and Morley would get the shocking results that they did and saved everyone, including Lorentz, the trouble of cooking up excuses. Einstein's is an eminently falsifiable theory - still awaiting falsification because all its predictions have invariably come out spot on.
The book employs the usual scenarios of people on trains and stations with lanterns and stopwatches, but we then go on to a deeper exploration using Minkowski diagrams and the K calculus to make things clearer - surprisingly clear it all becomes, too. Even the "twins" paradox makes more sense from this standpoint.
There is a long final chapter which considers our appreciation (or lack of it) of anything but Galilean relativity by virtue of normal development of our senses. I didn't take as much from this as from the bulk of the book. There is a short chapter on how theories come to be falsified as progress is made. It makes reference to Sir Karl Popper's philosophical work but seems to miss the point about falsifiability in the very first sentence. (The author would have been working from an earlier account of this work which was perhaps presented differently at that time.)
The one truly bad aspect of this publication is the atrocious number of misprints - unforgivable given the number of earlier editions. Symbols transmute: from u to v, from + to -, from subscript to index; numerators and denominators switch back and forth; figures are wrongly numbered, points on diagrams are labelled with letters differing from those in the text . . . It all ensures that you work through the equations properly and so get a thorough understanding. But it can be infuriating and unnecessarily tedious. That is why it gets only 4 stars.
If you still need some mental stimulus, try working out some of the missing steps which the author describes as: "with a little algebra we get". That can be rewarding and fun, and is a nice (typically professorial) touch.
It is explained that Lorentz's equations did the trick, but his theory was otherwise unverifiable. We see how Einstein's theory could have predicted that Michelson and Morley would get the shocking results that they did and saved everyone, including Lorentz, the trouble of cooking up excuses. Einstein's is an eminently falsifiable theory - still awaiting falsification because all its predictions have invariably come out spot on.
The book employs the usual scenarios of people on trains and stations with lanterns and stopwatches, but we then go on to a deeper exploration using Minkowski diagrams and the K calculus to make things clearer - surprisingly clear it all becomes, too. Even the "twins" paradox makes more sense from this standpoint.
There is a long final chapter which considers our appreciation (or lack of it) of anything but Galilean relativity by virtue of normal development of our senses. I didn't take as much from this as from the bulk of the book. There is a short chapter on how theories come to be falsified as progress is made. It makes reference to Sir Karl Popper's philosophical work but seems to miss the point about falsifiability in the very first sentence. (The author would have been working from an earlier account of this work which was perhaps presented differently at that time.)
The one truly bad aspect of this publication is the atrocious number of misprints - unforgivable given the number of earlier editions. Symbols transmute: from u to v, from + to -, from subscript to index; numerators and denominators switch back and forth; figures are wrongly numbered, points on diagrams are labelled with letters differing from those in the text . . . It all ensures that you work through the equations properly and so get a thorough understanding. But it can be infuriating and unnecessarily tedious. That is why it gets only 4 stars.
If you still need some mental stimulus, try working out some of the missing steps which the author describes as: "with a little algebra we get". That can be rewarding and fun, and is a nice (typically professorial) touch.
Most Helpful Customer Reviews on Amazon.com (beta)
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6 reviews
36 of 36 people found the following review helpful
Thorough on the science, astute on the philosophy
14 Oct 2004
Format:Paperback
A thorough but very down-to-earth introduction to the math, physics and philosophy of special relativity, and some of the history leading to its development. Bohm is such a first-rate physicist (well known for his original theorizing about quantum reality) and also a superb teacher who understands where others are coming from. The best quality is his well-rounded understanding of human cognition as it relates to the concepts of the relativity of space and time, matter and energy, etc. A long and really worthwhile appendix discusses Piaget's models of how children form ideas about space, time, permanence, change, etc., and, since we were all children once, the source of many of the metaphors and thought patterns that we bring to our understanding of classical space and time, and also relativity. He argues -- and shows -- that relativity's ideas of flexible space, time, etc., are actually close in structure to a child's notion of the world and therefore not so counter-intuitive as we often think they are. Indeed, his constant message is, "This isn't really so hard, nor is it really as strange as it's made out to be." He shows the errors of the absolutism (and arrogance, really) that grew out of Galileo's and Newton's approaches toward "eternal verities" about the universe, and finds in relativity not only a different approach toward space, time, matter, energy, etc., but toward doing science.
In the process he does a LOT of math, and relates the formulas to the philosophy and threory he expounds. The math is not hard -- almost no calculus, mostly algebra, a little trigonometry. If you really study this, you can have a very deep understanding of why special relativity concludes what it does. The discussion of Minkowski's geometrical approach is very helpful and complements well the earlier algebraic treatment of the Lorentz transformations.
I've read quite a few popular books on special relativity and this is definitely among the very best. Bohm converses with the reader, doesn't talk down, and is wise, not cute, about the most surprising aspects of the theory. He clearly has thought deeply about the meaning of special relativity, and I came away feeling fortunate for having one of the great physics minds of our century share his creative insights and many years of experience with me. His thinking has a broad reach -- he refers to Thomas Kuhn several times, and his focus on the physical experience behind our abstract concepts reminded me of Lakoff and Núñez's groundbreaking "Where Mathematics Comes From," and Lakoff and Johnson's "Metaphors We Live By" (both written well after this 1965 book). I feel I understand not only special relativity better, but science in general and its place in our thought.
There are a few small drawbacks. I found myself skipping over some of the tedious derivations of the formulas and picking up without missing anything. The edition I read (Routledge, ppbk 1996) has a few minor math mistakes, which is a pain when you're trying to follow the steps carefully. But all-in-all I found myself eager to come back to the book until I finished it, and I've underlined so much that I'll be going back to it again soon, I think.
In the process he does a LOT of math, and relates the formulas to the philosophy and threory he expounds. The math is not hard -- almost no calculus, mostly algebra, a little trigonometry. If you really study this, you can have a very deep understanding of why special relativity concludes what it does. The discussion of Minkowski's geometrical approach is very helpful and complements well the earlier algebraic treatment of the Lorentz transformations.
I've read quite a few popular books on special relativity and this is definitely among the very best. Bohm converses with the reader, doesn't talk down, and is wise, not cute, about the most surprising aspects of the theory. He clearly has thought deeply about the meaning of special relativity, and I came away feeling fortunate for having one of the great physics minds of our century share his creative insights and many years of experience with me. His thinking has a broad reach -- he refers to Thomas Kuhn several times, and his focus on the physical experience behind our abstract concepts reminded me of Lakoff and Núñez's groundbreaking "Where Mathematics Comes From," and Lakoff and Johnson's "Metaphors We Live By" (both written well after this 1965 book). I feel I understand not only special relativity better, but science in general and its place in our thought.
There are a few small drawbacks. I found myself skipping over some of the tedious derivations of the formulas and picking up without missing anything. The edition I read (Routledge, ppbk 1996) has a few minor math mistakes, which is a pain when you're trying to follow the steps carefully. But all-in-all I found myself eager to come back to the book until I finished it, and I've underlined so much that I'll be going back to it again soon, I think.
32 of 33 people found the following review helpful
First-class professional exposition plus deep philosophy
2 Sep 1998
Format:Paperback
This is a review of the edition of 1965 which appeared in Russian (1967) in my translation. The book contains a thorough exposition of Einstein's special relativity, with a discussion of historical, philosophical and psychological issues. David Bohm's clear and professional style, as well as many deep and original ideas make this book an outstanding course of this important chapter of theoretical physics, being of great value not only for students, but also for both actively working specialists in physics and philosophy of science, and even for serious laymen. I especially recommend the Chapter 25 (Falsificability of theories) as an excellent food for thought.
15 of 15 people found the following review helpful
The Purely Conceptual View of STR
28 Oct 2008
Format:Paperback|Amazon Verified Purchase
Here, David Bohm, one of Einstein's last students, brings to our attention in his usual clear, thorough and exciting way, just how revolutionary and counter-intuitive the ideas that underlie the Special Theory of Relativity really were, and still are, and indeed how different they are from the standard model of physics. In order to fully appreciate the radical nature of the changes needed to make the transition, from the "Standard Model" to "Relativistic Physics," he includes a complete appendix from which he draws most of his conceptual (i.e. Psychological and Philosophical) insights. Rather surprisingly they were taken mostly from the works of none other than the famous Swiss Child Psychologist Jean Piaget, which at the time the book was written in 1967, were quite revolutionary themselves. Judging by this rather astoundingly clear appendix alone, called "Physics and Perceptions," in which Bohm lays out a deep conceptual framework upon which the book is hung, one could argue that Professor Bohm is at least as proficient a social scientist and analytical psychologist as he is a Physicist.
Because of its centrality to the book, my advice to the reader is to read the appendix first, or at least at a very early stage of the book, because it is there that the substance of the book takes shape and form. The physics concepts are almost incidental to this underlying conceptual theme.
That said, it must be pointed out that this then is a wholly conceptual, rather than a mathematical book on the Special Theory. No mathematics are needed and none are used. In many ways it parallels Amos Harpaz's equally excellent conceptual book, called "Relativity Theory: Concepts and Basic Principles," which attempts to do the same thing for the General Theory, except in Harpaz's case (written almost 30 years later), even to explain the concepts of GT required, as a minimum, the Tensor Calculus.
The beauty of the present volume is that even though we have heard it all before and thought we fully understood the conceptual basis of the Special Theory, and all the many nuances of the Michelson-Morley experiments with the ether, Lorentz transforms, Maxwell equations, to Minkowski's geometry, and on to the tricky aspects of reformulating space-time itself, it all has a fresh (not a historical) resonance in Bohm's skilful hands.
And as always, here again, as he has done in his other writings especially those since, on "The Implicate Order," for instance, there is something novel to learn and understand with each new recounting by Bohm. It is not just the way the concepts are applied to physics alone that matters in Bohm's recounting, but also how they are used in other contexts, in the arts for instance, or to modern applied physics and engineering technology, and how Relativity has become a metaphor of our culture, more generally.
Bohm's explanations are so clear and so carefully laid out that there is no margin of error for misunderstanding. For that alone and the historical value of the book itself (it may even be clearer than Einstein's own popular book on STR) earns five stars.
Because of its centrality to the book, my advice to the reader is to read the appendix first, or at least at a very early stage of the book, because it is there that the substance of the book takes shape and form. The physics concepts are almost incidental to this underlying conceptual theme.
That said, it must be pointed out that this then is a wholly conceptual, rather than a mathematical book on the Special Theory. No mathematics are needed and none are used. In many ways it parallels Amos Harpaz's equally excellent conceptual book, called "Relativity Theory: Concepts and Basic Principles," which attempts to do the same thing for the General Theory, except in Harpaz's case (written almost 30 years later), even to explain the concepts of GT required, as a minimum, the Tensor Calculus.
The beauty of the present volume is that even though we have heard it all before and thought we fully understood the conceptual basis of the Special Theory, and all the many nuances of the Michelson-Morley experiments with the ether, Lorentz transforms, Maxwell equations, to Minkowski's geometry, and on to the tricky aspects of reformulating space-time itself, it all has a fresh (not a historical) resonance in Bohm's skilful hands.
And as always, here again, as he has done in his other writings especially those since, on "The Implicate Order," for instance, there is something novel to learn and understand with each new recounting by Bohm. It is not just the way the concepts are applied to physics alone that matters in Bohm's recounting, but also how they are used in other contexts, in the arts for instance, or to modern applied physics and engineering technology, and how Relativity has become a metaphor of our culture, more generally.
Bohm's explanations are so clear and so carefully laid out that there is no margin of error for misunderstanding. For that alone and the historical value of the book itself (it may even be clearer than Einstein's own popular book on STR) earns five stars.
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