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Harrison notes that while NASA has gathered heaps of physiological data about astronauts, the agency makes little effort to collect psychological and behavioural information. In fact, such research has been discouraged. This may come from the idea that in the past NASA astronauts were presented as "flawless individuals" and that any hints of emotional instability could possibly decrease funding. Conversely the Russian space program, with its emphasis on long-duration flights, has always studied human behaviour in space. Which leads us to one of the book's best "didjaknows": Did you know that cosmonauts only played chess against groundside opponents, to avoid in-group competition and friction?
In the final chapters Harrison does address the nuts and bolts of spacefaring, surveying prospects for lunar and Martian colonies, and even interstellar travel. The chapter on space tourism is quite comprehensive and contains a startling insight: tourism could create a push into space stronger than science or exploration. Says Harrison:
Not only would making space accessible to a broad segment of the population give people exciting and new experiences, it would encourage many different kinds of human activities in space. Thus, the space tourism industry could develop both the technology and the popular support required to accelerate human progress in getting off our planet.All told, Spacefaring is a broad and readable review of the hazards and issues that will confront future space travellers, and it creates a vivid picture of what daily life may be like for those lucky adventurers. --JB Peck
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Harrison focuses on NASA's hostility to human-factors research, particularly in contrast to the Russians' long history of interest in crew selection and the effects of long-duration spaceflight. Given NASA's recent objections to the flight of Dennis Tito, this context is extremely timely.
His concluding chapter, on the drive to explore space, why we came so far so quickly, then walked away from human exploration, is well-reasoned, insightful and deeply passionate.