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Excerpted from Simple Country Furniture Projects in 1/12 Scale by Alison J. White. Copyright © 2003. Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
Rarely mass-produced, this type of furniture was made either by the householder, a local craftsman or a journeyman (a travelling carpenter, who worked in exchange for some food and a bed for the night). More often than not, country furniture was made to fit a specific place in the house or cottage and was, therefore, hardly ever produced in sufficient numbers to ensure matching sets! Pieces were generally made using whatever materials were available, which might have meant recycling. Sections of cartwheels could be used for the rockers on a cradle, for example, and wood washed up on the shore was also useful.
This one-off nature ensures uniqueness, but also suitability for the job required. Each piece would have had to be practical and may have had mutliple uses. For example, a settle bed often doubled as both a day seat, an extra bed and sometimes even a play pen for a child. Many children may well have learned to walk within the safe confines of a settle with a convenient side to hold onto. Even a single chair, laid on its back, would have been used as a parking place for a small child.
Despite their ad hoc construction, country furniture items are now becoming increasingly collectable and eminently suitable for either a town house or a country cottage, blending equally well within either modern or period décor. Indeed many of the projects featured in this book are based on pieces of furniture from my own home. These would have been in regular use throughout Great Britain and Ireland, but similar histories of vernacular furniture can be found in Switzerland, Germany, the Scandanavian countries, and many Eastern European countries, as well as in the well-known style of Shaker furniture found in the United States.
It is frequently possible to ascribe some pieces to their country of origin due to the various styles employed by the journeymen at the time. An example of this is the Irish table, which usually has a double stretcher underneath. Wales is synonymous with dressers, while items commonly found in the south of England include chests of drawers and tall kitchen dressers. Scotland is famous for large chests of drawers.
Country furniture is frequently made of a mixture of pine, oak, ash, beech or other locally grown wood. Inevitably this suffered considerable damage over the years from woodworm and damp. As a consequence, the practice of using "boot" or "sledge" feet to counteract the damp was introduced. As soon as the feet started to rot away they were replaced with new ones, prolonging the life of the item of furniture. Many pieces have been repaired in this way, as it was necessary to replace the legs of chairs, beds and other items, that had become damp on beaten earth floors or worn on hard flagstones.
While today the fashion is to strip furniture back to bare wood, in its original state it would have been painted, often with several coats of paint one on top of another obscuring some of the decoarative work. In Ireland, for instance, a home would have been given a spring clean and its furniture a fresh coat of paint whenever the householder was preparing to play host, such as when a priest came to administer Mass.