This is a comprehensive, stimulating history of Russia from its earliest foundation in Kievan Rus in the 9th Century up until the rise of Vladimir Putin at the end of the 20th Century.
The book is comprehensive and well organised. Major figures are given their due but we aren't just treated to a tedious chronology of regal succession but the contexts that gave rise to such defining figures as Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible) and Peter I (or Peter the Great), Stalin and Gorbachev.
The one-star review that complains that there is insufficient attention to the lives of its rulers misses the point. Russia has not just been defined by its rulers. It has been defined by its geography, namely its wide open borders that have made stabilising and securing frontiers so difficult. It has been defined by its harsh ecology and short growing season, which has discouraged risk-taking and innovation but inspired strong communal values in the countryside, values at once intensely parochial but also providing the mulch for messianic political movements like Marxist-Leninism. And it has also been defined by its culture, especially the influence, for better or for worse, of the Orthodox Church. So for instance, 19th Century Russian intellectuals and Slavophiles romanticised the narod (people), seeing Russia as a shining example to the rest of the world, an emanation that owed much to the universal pretensions of Orthodox tradition. The continuities with the Bolsheviks' messianic ambitions can scarcely be overlooked. And, because Russia has been an empire as well as nation, it has also been defined by the people it has assimilated and conquered. These peoples - Poles, Finns, Georgians, Uzbeks, Chechens, and many others besides, are not ignored or overlooked in Hosking's account.
The one-star review is particularly unfair in its allegation of bias. This is categorically not the case. Hoskings has no particular sympathy for the communist project but he refrains from moralising and preaching, and examines its historical roots and development, tracing both its continuities and discontinuities with the past. The Bolsheviks thought that they could root out the past and refashion Russia in their image, to serve as an inspiration to the rest of humanity. At terrific cost, they succeeded in part, going further than would be reformers such as Peter the Great and Alexander II in refashioning Russia in the image they wished to see it made, but ultimately failed to transcend some fundamental realities. Central among these was the failure to build enduring institutions and transcend the old patronage networks that historically represented the actual nexus of power in Russia and its empire. The nomenklatura system was a communist epitome of this. Its paradoxical effect in Central Asia and the Caucasus was to reinforce, not weaken traditional kin-based systems.
Overall then, we get a luminous, concise but comprehensive history of Russia almost to the present day. I thoroughly recommend it for anyone with a serious interest in Russian history.