Rodney Brooks and his team in MIT build robots based on fast and complex responses to external stimuli. Rather than give Robots highly accurate internal models of the world, to navigate and interact with, Brooks gives robots no internal model of the world at all and instead designs his robots to respond in particular ways to particular external stimuli.
Rodney adheres to behaviorism in that he believes intelligence (at least when it comes to Robots) is more about the perception of others rather than any particular internal mind. If it walks like a duck and talks like a duck... then it's a duck.
To this end he has designed many robots that can, in certain tasks, far exceed traditional internal model based robots. He does this by designing complex responses to a wide array of external sensors, weighting and biasing behavior in response to system and sensor conditions. Many thousands of conditions can affect the robots behavior resulting in very complex behaviors giving the external perception of determination, or having a mind of it own.
The robot is able to instantly respond to its environment, it can be designed to achieve certain goals so externally it appears purposeful, by designing motor functions based on the perceived function of the robot Brooks further enhances the perception of purposefulness.
Brooks also wants to build simple useful Robots and believes in bringing Robots into everyday life. The book goes into detail about Real Baby an artificially intelligent robot doll brought out by Brooks' company. It goes through the design, the build, and the cut-throat worlds of toy manufacturing and marketing.
A really good book. Kind of like walking into the everyday thinking of a Robotics AI guru. Nothing is high in the sky everything is everyday. The simple problems of AI and Robots.