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5 of 7 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars
Thought provoking and eloquent, 2 Oct 2004
Edmund Burke has written a powerful and eloquent argument against the revolution in France and its instigators. It is easy to be swayed by Burke's rich and dramatic use of language. He shows a deep knowledge of both contemporary history, European events, British History, Ancient History and languages. He does not only decry the excesses of the French Revolution; he is prepared to credit it with its gains although lamenting the manner of their achievement. Further, he is willing and very able to put forward an alternative to the Revolution. This is grounded in the British Constitution. However, it isn't merely patriotic zeal that causes this exaltation of the British way of doing things: it is backed with a knowledge of human nature, as constituted, and an awareness of the limits of life itself. For those who are Romantic, Burke's philosophy is not comforting. There is no progress for the vast majority of mankind. They are to live harsh lives where effort remains unrewarded except by the thought of heavenly compensation. He is more clear sighted than many of his contemporary pro-Royalist/Conservative writers: he sees that it is the myth of Monarchy that is important, not the Monarchy itself. He sees the world of illusion fading to the detriment of mankind. And he sees exactly who is taking power - the Calculator, the Agent, the Accountant and the Man of Industry. There is a limited attraction for these people in his writings. He does not believe the world they can build will be one where the old values can exist (curious why contemporary Conservatives allude to him when he would be opposed to their world of markets and free trade). Interestingly, he foresees the weakening of human values in their entirety. In passages that will be clearer to the modern reader, he predicts that values are fogged by other principles - economic, social political and sociological. Who, nowadays, cannot see this? When talk of Truth and Justice inevitably becomes entwined with economic growth or societal change that has ramifications that go beyond any one human perspective. Burke sees this and laments it. His preferred world of the gentleman farmer, with values rooted in an unchanging world with the result that people know where they stand; and can separate what is good from what is evil fairly simply, is argued for with passion and conviction. As regards The People, as noted before, there is a passage that is telling:'Good order is the foundation of all good things. To be enabled to acquire, the people, without being servile, must be tractable and obedient. The magistrate must have his reverence, the laws their authority. The body of the people must not find the principles of natural subordination by art rooted out of their minds. They must respect that property of which they cannot partake. They must labour to obtain what by labour can be obtained; and when they find, as they commonly do, the success disproportioned to the endeavour, they must be taught their consolation in the final proportions of eternal justice. Of this consolation, whoever deprives them, deadens their industry, and strikes at the root of all acquisition as of all conservation. He that does this is the cruel oppressor, the merciless enemy of the poor and wretched.' Burke and I parted company long before this, but the breach is final with this passage and I consider him to be, despite his generosity and liberality and feeling and however well-intentioned or misguided, an enemy of mankind. For his 'good order' requires nothing more than the systematic inculcation of fear into children and then to have that fear bounded to them by God and consequences. At root of this there is the belief that people are a danger to themselves and to others. Yet after years of psychological and developmental research we now know differently. It is the aims that Burke advocates that creates the cruel oppressor and this, in turn, necessitates the maintenance of Burke's Conservative Ideas and system. The Revolutionnaries may have lacked knowledge of some critical fundamentals, and patterns of greed and usury and resentment may have lain behind many deeds, as Burke perceived, but that does not mean that they were entirely incorrect or that their resentment lacked justice. As Burke presciently noted the world will become uglier because of the French Revolutions success (it has - decline of manners, ugly urban areas: it has not - no mas starvation on our doorstep, deforming diseases not rampant). Yet Burke's ideas could not turn back the French Revolution, nor could they sustain the British way of life, nor can they be used to build a future, then or now. A very thought provoking read nonetheless.
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