Gogol’s short stories are often, along with Lermontov, quoted as being the genesis of modern Russian writing. Later writers, such as Dostoevsky and Turgenev cited Gogol, and the essay ‘The Overcoat’ in particular, as major influences on their writing.
This collection includes four short stories written between 1835 and 1842. The first (‘Old-Fashioned Farmers’) is a beautiful and touching portrait of an elderly pair of landowners sharing their old age and approaching death. Their understated love and mutual reliance after years of partnership are heartrendingly captured. The second story concerns a quarrel between two firm friends, which is matched in its intensity only by its pettiness. This is a comic story, but is simultaneously a swipe at human nature. The pointlessness and absurdity of the loss of friendship is well conveyed, as is Gogol’s contempt for the dullness of lives blighted by petty thoughts and actions. The third story (‘The Nose’) has, I have to confess, got me completely bewildered. I have read it twice, but still don’t have a clue what it is all about. Suffice to say that the story involve a man’s nose becoming detached, starts attaining social status and attending society functions before being arrested and returned to its rightful owner. The final story (‘The Overcoat’) is widely considered the classic of this collection. It is about a lowly clerk whose purchase of a new overcoat leads to his elevation in life, and the theft of which returns him to his previous status of being ignored and overlooked. It is a funny yet sad attack on the superficiality of Russian life, where an overcoat attains more importance than its wearer. It is beautifully written, combining black humour with savage social commentary.
Gogol’s short stories were all very easy to read. They deal with serious and saddening issues, but are shot through with humour and wry observation. Like many nineteenth century Russian authors he was chronicalling the effects of massive social upheaval that had created new and bewildering class distinctions that were deep running but built on superficialities of dress and manner. His stories are very human, focussing on well-realised and recognisable characters. I enjoyed this collection a lot, and think that a lot of other readers will as well.