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Not a Chimp : The hunt to find the genes that make us human
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'Not a Chimp' should be mandatory reading for journalists who often reinforce the general public's misconception that chimps are ... human. (Ewen Callaway, New Scientist )
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Humans are primates, and our closest relatives are the other African apes - chimpanzees closest of all. With the mapping of the human genome, and that of the chimp, a direct comparison of the differences between the two, letter by letter along the billions of As, Gs, Cs, and Ts of the DNA code, has led to the widely vaunted claim that we differ from chimps by a mere 1.6% of our genetic code. A mere hair's breadth genetically! To a rather older tradition of anthropomorphizing chimps, trying to get them to speak, dressing them up for 'tea parties', was added the stamp of genetic confirmation. It also began an international race to find that handful of genes that make up the difference - the genes that make us uniquely human. But what does that 1.6% really mean? And should it really lead us to consider extending limited human rights to chimps, as some have suggested? Are we, after all, just chimps with a few genetic tweaks? Is our language and our technology just an extension of the grunts and ant-collecting sticks of chimps? In this book, Jeremy Taylor sketches the picture that is emerging from cutting edge research in genetics, animal behaviour, and other fields. The indications are that the so-called 1.6% is much larger and leads to profound differences between the two species. We shared a common ancestor with chimps some 6-7 million years ago, but we humans have been racing away ever since. One in ten of our genes, says Taylor, has undergone evolution in the past 40,000 years! Some of the changes that happened since we split from chimpanzees are to genes that control the way whole orchestras of other genes are switched on and off, and where. Taylor shows, using studies of certain genes now associated with speech and with brain development and activity, that the story looks to be much more complicated than we first thought. This rapidly changing and exciting field has recently discovered a host of genetic mechanisms that make us different from other apes. As Taylor points out, for too long we have let our sentimentality for chimps get in the way of our understanding. Chimps use tools, but so do crows. Certainly chimps are our closest genetic relatives. But relatively small differences in genetic code can lead to profound differences in cognition and behaviour. Our abilities give us the responsibility to protect and preserve the natural world, including endangered primates. But for the purposes of human society and human concepts such as rights, let's not pretend that chimps are humans uneducated and undressed. We've changed a lot in those 12 million years.
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5.0 out of 5 stars
An essential read for anyone interested in human evolution,
This review is from: Not a Chimp: The hunt to find the genes that make us human (Hardcover)
An important book which is an excellent source of information for anyone interested in human evolution. It's also a great read, captivating me completely such that I finished it in 3 days.
1.0 out of 5 stars
Terrible,
By
This review is from: Not a Chimp: The hunt to find the genes that make us human (Paperback)
Having grown accustomed to readable science books by Dawkins, Diamond etc I purchased this and looked forward to an interesting read on a fascinating subject. I gave up on it midway through the second chapter.
If, like me, you have not studied micro biology or zoology at Oxford or Cambridge save your money and leave this utter rot on whichever shelf you see it on
5.0 out of 5 stars
Simply the Best!,
This review is from: Not a Chimp: The hunt to find the genes that make us human (Paperback)
This is simply the best, most mind-stretching book which I've read on this subject in many years. It places in sharp perspective what it is to be human; and does not in any way diminish the awesome wonder of other evolved highly sentient animals. The author does it all with passion, care and intelligent skepticism. He pulls together so many threads of contemporary research and weaves a wonderful story that is entertaining and inspirational.
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