By chance, I had just finished reading Ralph Ellison's classic novel "Invisible Man" when I started reading Colin Grant's excellent biography. I mention this because the two books are interesting companion pieces and because, if anything, the rise and fall of Marcus Garvey is even more extraordinary than that of Ellison's fictional hero. Although thoroughly researched and grounded in the history of the period, Grant's biography reads like a picaresque adventure story. It is a genuinely exciting page turner of a book.
That said, I wouldn't wish to denigrate Garvey's achievements and his legacy. For all his faults, he emerges as a good, perhaps even a great, man. He was superbly right about a lot of the big issues. And this biography is timely given that we are remembering the 40th anniversary of Martin Luther King's assassination and looking forward to the very real prospect that the United States will elect its first African American President. Garvey took a lot of wrong turns and over reached himself in many ways, but he is one of the people who laid the ground for the civil rights movement and, if it comes to it, an Obama presidency.
Colin Grant does a great job in showing how a jobless, friendless Jamaican immigrant arrived in Harlem and through sheer chutzpah, bulldozing energy and oratorical brilliance, rose in only a few years to be the true voice and champion of Black America. However, Garvey was certainly not a straightforward hero of his people. Grant shows him to be at once a visionary and a buffoon; his personal and political courage was enormous, but so was his ego; as a politician he was brave, but often naïve; as a businessman, for all his big ideas, he was a disaster. What he was so magnificent at - and Grant renders this very well - was making African Americans (and indeed all the people of the African diaspora) proud of and excited about their colour, their race, their struggle for justice and their destiny. The contrasting characters of and battles between Garvey and De Blois - the leader of the interracial movement - are superbly drawn.
Of course, so many of Garvey's dreams have come to nothing. There has been progress since Garvey's time (he takes credit for some of that). But at the same time, his story - particularly from the perspective of now - is truly heartbreaking. In the midst of these huge, often bleak, themes, Grant is also very good at telling the farcical, sometimes even laugh-out-loud funny aspects of the Garvey story. In the right hands, the story could make a wonderful film