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Mobile DNA: Finding Treasure in Junk (FT Press Science)
 
 

Mobile DNA: Finding Treasure in Junk (FT Press Science) [Kindle Edition]

Haig H. Kazazian
5.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (1 customer review)

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This is the eBook version of the printed book.

This book thoroughly reviews our current scientific understanding of the significant role that mobile genetic elements play in the evolution and function of genomes and organisms–from plants and animals to humans. Highly-regarded geneticist Haig Kazazian offers an accessible intellectual history of the field’s research strategies and concerns, explaining how advances opened up new questions, and how new tools and capabilities have encouraged progress in the field.

 

Kazazian introduces the key strategies and approaches taken in leading laboratories (including his own) to gain greater insight into the large proportion of our genome that derives from mobile genetic elements, including viruses, plasmids, and transposons. He also presents intriguing insights into long-term research strategies that may lead to an even deeper understanding.

From the Back Cover

A Richly Engaging Review, History, and Prospective on Mobile DNA

 

Haig Kazazian reviews our current scientific understanding of mobile DNA and its role in the evolution and function of genomes and organisms, offering an in-depth portrait of the developing perspectives and research strategies pursued by the workers in his own laboratory. He presents an engaging history of the field, showing how advances have presented unexpected new questions, and how new tools and techniques have promoted further progress. Coverage includes: multiple types of mobile DNA; retrotransposition and other key concepts; important mobile DNA research advances in the human genome, mammals, and plants; mobile DNA’s role in increasing genome plasticity and diversity; and the roles of leading scientists in moving mobile DNA research forward. Kazazian concludes with informed reflections on the possible biological roles of mobile DNA, and his own current best guesses about how a number of the leading questions currently under active investigation will likely be answered.


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Haig H. Kazazian
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Most Helpful Customer Reviews
It's all there 11 Mar 2012
Format:Kindle Edition
This book has all it claims to have and caters for the in-depth reader, the scanner and the student.
A gem.
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Amazon.com:  16 reviews
20 of 21 people found the following review helpful
probably more than most people will want to know about the subject! 6 April 2011
By arpard fazakas - Published on Amazon.com
Format:Hardcover|Amazon Vine™ Review (What's this?)
This is a very thorough and up-to-date review of the current knowledge regarding mobile DNA, or "jumping genes". Mobile DNA was first discovered in 1950 by Barbara McClintock, who was initially greeted with skepticism but eventually was rewarded with the Nobel Prize for her work in this area. The various types of mobile DNA make up a substantial percentage of the total genome of many life forms, but their role in evolution and whether they influence fitness under natural selection is still unclear.

The author is a true expert in his field. He exhaustively covers the topic, perhaps too exhaustively. I found myself initially intrigued by the first few chapters, which present a nice overview of mobile DNA and the major unanswered questions in the field, but then I became progressively less interested as subsequent chapters covered increasingly specialized "niche" aspects, most of no apparent relevance to anything beyond the molecular biology of mobile DNA itself. The author tried to enhance the interest of these chapters by tying the work described with the people doing the work, but for the most part this was limited to thumbnail sketches. I'm sure many of these people are interesting in their own right, but you'd never know it from this book!

I found myself wondering what the target audience of this book is. The first few chapters appear to be targeting a general readership with limited background in molecular biology and genetics, by including a brief overview of the chemistry of nucleic acids, and a glossary of relevant terms in the back. But I suspect this will be insufficient for many readers. Many technical terms are used without any attempt at definition or inclusion in the glossary. Subsequent chapters seem to abandon any attempt to stay on the level of the general reader, and would likely be of interest only to specialists in the field or readers with a lot of background and interest in molecular biology and genetics. If this book wants to appeal more to the general reader, I would suggest expanding the glossary and adding a short Appendix summarizing the main aspects of the molecular biology of the gene.

The last few chapters are a nice summary of key unanswered questions and future trends in mobile DNA research, and the author's predictions about what future investigations might reveal.
9 of 10 people found the following review helpful
Charles Darwin Would Be Surprised! 5 April 2011
By Wandrwoman - Published on Amazon.com
Format:Hardcover|Amazon Vine™ Review (What's this?)
This is really a text book on Mobile DNA for students of molecular biology, biochemistry, genetic medicine and molecular genetics. The author, Haig Kazazian, a Professor of Genetic Medicine at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, presents the history of DNA research in a highly detailed, well researched, and scholarly manner.

The emphasis, however, is not on the actual science, per se, (although the science is very much present) but rather on the historical context, the inter-relationship of the many scientists whose brilliance, hard work, commitment and collegial communication and close relationships have contributed to our present day understanding of this extraordinarily important field.

Scientific understanding is built one arduous step at a time, with current and future research based on the total of the massive collective knowledge that preceded it. Breakthroughs in science owe their debt to the painstaking research of those who came before. It is this collective, cooperative, collegial world of scientific research that Dr. Kazazian carefully and lovingly portrays as "research adventures" in the quest to fully understand the genome.

"Charles Darwin would be surprised" is the first sentence of the first chapter of this book. Yet, Kazazian admits that scientists are often totally surprised by their findings. It is extraordinary to think that prior to 1950 there was no real understanding of mobile DNA and introns were only first discussed in the late 1970s! Scientists now know that mobile or transposable DNA accounts for a least of 50% of human genomic DNA. Once thought of as purposeless "junk", it is the mapping of type and function for this mobile DNA that is the subject of this book.

There is so much happening in current genomic research, Kazazian provides the context, the history and the state of current knowledge as well as provides predictions for future findings.
8 of 9 people found the following review helpful
A Fine Book from one of the world's leading experts on Mammalian Mobile DNA 28 Mar 2011
By C.J. Hustwick - Published on Amazon.com
Format:Hardcover|Amazon Vine™ Review (What's this?)
Professor Kazazian's specialties are in population genetics of active L1 retrotransposons in humans, genome diversity, and of course ultimately human evolution. This 250 page book is a good summation of current research into mobile DNA. Professor Kazazian has a no-frills writing style and sticks to the subject at hand without needless bombardments of arcana or waxing too historical. This makes for a somewhat dry but good read.

I also enjoyed the concluding chapter where Kazazian makes some predictions about future discoveries of the science: e.g. most L1 retrotransposition occurs in early development, that retrotransposons have a small but significant role in the etiology of many complex diseases, and that studies of ancient human remains show that the human genome is continuing to expand at between 1 and 10 million base pairs per million years, heavily influenced by retrotransposition.
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Popular Highlights

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&quote;
Another is that most genes are broken up by sections of DNA called introns that need to be removed at the RNA stage in order for the genes to function. A third is that the protein-coding regions of genes make up a very small fraction of mammalian genomes. A fourth surprise is the importance of reverse transcriptase, the enzyme that synthesizes DNA from an RNA template. &quote;
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Open discussion of science is wonderful for the development of new ideas. &quote;
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In plants, the so-called long terminal repeat (LTR)-retrotransposons predominate, &quote;
Highlighted by 5 Kindle users

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