Written while being held under a lettre de cashet, The Misfortunes of Virtue is an early incarnation of his Justine. Most of the misfortunes visited upon Justine (or Sophie as she calls herself) come from Sade's own life, it is semi-autobiographical. The tale of Justine is contrasted with that of her sister Juliette, the libertine. It's a scorching indictment of the hypocrisies of power and authority, who reign over the weak by forcing them to adopt a morality of piety which the strong never adhere to. Justine suffers because Justine sincerely believes that piety will be rewarded. Further, Justine suffers because Justine is encouraged to believe this by those who reign over her. Sade wants to free Justine, and for doing so he was defamed. If posterity continues to believe in this defamed portrait of the Divine Marquis then it is duped just as Justine was. My recommendation is to read Sade closely, without prejudice, for underneath his imposed diabolical mask is a man of the Enlightenment.