In the sixteenth century in the turbulent low countries of northern Europe - what is now Benelux and Holland - men of talent or born to rich, noble or royal families played for high stakes. Men from humble beginnings such as Gerard Kremer, son of a migrant cobbler, either faced poverty and periodic famines or, if intelligent and fortunate enough to gain an education, raised themselves to a position where they too played for high stakes.
The high stakes derived from the ferocious battle between the Catholic Church and the Lutherans and Calvanists. Associate with the wrong people or hold views that did not conform exactly with the official, Catholic interpretation of the bible and you faced torture, the inquisition and execution.
But for a highly intelligent, original and diligent map maker, Gerard Kramer, who adopted the name Mercator, in order to earn a living he had to earn commissions and therefore work for patrons who might not turn out to be on the right side.
At this time the low countries were the centre of battles and wars between the Spanish and the Hapsburgs with the Catholic Church struggling to combat the spread of low church religion led by Martin Luther.
But it was also a time of intense exploration and the increasing sophistication of map making, triangulation and accurate print making through the use of copper engraving.
The map makers were a different breed to the sailors who were opening up new areas of the world from Vespucci in 1505 sailing south from Italy to Magellan's round the world trip. The map makers, including the monk Franciscus Monachus who introduced Mercator to the principles of geography, worked from a whole variety of printed sources - including Ptolemy - as well as becoming skilled surveyors in their own right.
Despite four months in prison facing torture and execution by the Catholic Church because his original thought and making of globes and maps challenged strict biblical interpretation, Mercator was not deterred from producing a prodigious output of maps of Europe, the world and the planets. He solved the dimensional riddle that had vexed mapmakers for so long in how to convert the three dimensional globe into two-dimensional maps. His solution - Mercator's Projection - entirely revolutionised our world view.
Nicholas Crane's book is not easy reading. He is immensely erudite and fills pages with reference to a whole host of people - royalty, clerics, geographers, printers - and events that reveal immense research and wide, wide knowledge but confuse the reader and bury the main thread. One admires the incredible research but looks for greater editing.
By three quarters of the way through the book loses its impetus. Mercator brings to fruit an enormous amount of map production living through to the ripe old age of 77. But by then the repetition of the book loses appeal.
An original account of an age of extraordinary intellectual and scientific expansion by men who were prepared to live and die for their views. But an account that could do with much editing.