MARK CARMODY spent three years as a postdoctoral research fellow in the field of genetics following completion of a PhD at University College Cork, Ireland. He left research and spent three years in one of Japan's leading Intellectual Property Law firms based in Osaka, Japan. Having now returned to Ireland, he is currently working as a trainee European Patent Attorney with one of the leading Patent Law firms in Dublin, Ireland. Mark has been birdwatching and involved in conservation from a young age. He has written for WINGS (the quarterly publication of the NGO Birdwatch Ireland) and is a member of the editorial team for the Cork Bird Report. His photographs have been published in the highly reputable European publication Birding World, Jim Wilson's Ireland's Garden Birds, and also as a featured photographer in WINGS. He is a member of Birdwatch Ireland and the Irish Whale and Dolphin Group.