Black invites the reader to apply the techniques of modern linguistics to the analysis of New Testament Greek. This excellent general introduction covers the phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics and historical linguistics of koine Greek. It assumes no Greek or linguistics background.
I give the chapter headings and some subheadings:
1. Introducing Linguistics: The Landscape and the Quest
2. Phonology: The Sound of Greek (Phonetics and Phonemics)
3. Morphology: The Anatomy of Greek Words
4. Syntax: The Architecture of the Greek Sentence
5. Semantics: Determining Meaning (The real jewel in this work--Word and Concept, Semantic Classes, Ambiguity, Denotation/Connotation, Idioms, Rhetorical Language, Semantic Change, Discourse Analysis)
6. Historical and Comparative Linguistics: The Biography of Greek
In a Greek course I taught 2004/2005 based upon the Gospel of John (Beginning Greek: A Functional Approach) the class at one point wrestled with the disambiguation of a problematic participial phrase in John 1:9. ["That was the true light, which lighteneth every man that 'commeth into the world.'"]. Should the phrase "cometh into the word" go with "man" or "light"? Both are grammatically possible: the participle could be (1) accusative masculine singular or (2) nominative neuter singular. Do we use the proximity of "man" and "coming" to resolve the issue? Black explains (in discourse analysis) that the context with its emphasis upon the incarnation of Christ (see 1:14) settles the issue (2--"light commeth into the world"). However, I'm not convinced. John states later in 12:32 "And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me." So, Jesus will enlighten all men that come into the world. Modern translations tend to resolve these abiguities for you--successfully or not. The hallmark of a good translation is preserving them.
Highly recommended. Although it covers a lot of ground, the explanations are short and to the point and examples abound. A delightful 172 pages that would lay a great foundation for someone contemplating linguistics as a major or who wants to conscientously apply a knowledge of koine to NT interpretation.