These Very Short Introductions can be a little deceptive- they are not elementary `idiot's guides'. Ruthven's book assumes the reader has a certain amount of background knowledge both in terms of the religion of Islam as well as current affairs. The absolute beginner might find the book a little hard going (as reflected in some of the other readers' Amazon reviews). This book offers an overview of certain critical issues such as Islamism, gender, and problems associated with Shariah Law. Ruthven is keen to draw a distinction between `Islam' the religion, and `Islamism' as political process; (he dismisses the term `Fundamentalist' borrowed, as it is, from Christianity), and anticipates its demise through the increase of pluralism. Elsewhere he notes that through the attacks on America and London, Islamism had demonstrated their nihilism and the moral cul-de-sac they have got themselves into. Ruthven also highlights the impact of the lack of any ordained central religious authority that stands between the believer and God leaving as it does, a power vacuum. All of this makes for a very interesting and informative read; the level of expression is first class. A great deal is achieved in this small book, but it is probably not aimed at the uninformed.