The more some variety of Standard English becomes an international lingua franca, the more important it is to arrest what is often seen as its 'decay'. Best-selling books such as Lynne Truss's 'zero tolerance' approach to punctuation, 'Eats, Shoots and Leaves', have tried to establish the idea that correct usage of punctuation is not a matter of pedantry but often determines the entire meaning of what is being said. Now Patrick Scrivenor has done the same thing for English grammar and usage as a whole, and in a way that makes me quite bitter that I was never taught so clearly and enjoyably at school. His book contains six main sections dealing in turn with Parts of Speech, Grammar, Spelling and Pronunciation, Punctuation, Clear Usage and Pitfalls/Confusions. All of these are admirably clear and succinct, illustrated briefly and entertainingly with a variety of quotations from sources as diverse as Mark Twain, Bill Bryson, Nigel Molesworth and P.G. Wodehouse. The opening of the section on Pronunciation gives the flavour: 'If you have struggled with Latin declensions, French genders or German irregular verbs, now is the moment of your revenge. The spelling and pronunciation of English words are without any vestige of method or even common sense. English contains more words spelt in the same way but spoken differently than any other language.'
English as a medium of communication is now also subject to severe pressure from the technology in which it is expressed. Many blogs on the internet are so misspelt and illiterate that it is often completely impossible to extract any meaning from them at all. Even the BBC News website contains frequent howlers and misspellings, presumably because as an economy measure they have done away with the old-fashioned human proof reader and rely solely on a computerised spell-checker. This frequently gets homophones wrong (a racing driver was recently assigned a 'poll position', making it impossible to determine whether this referred to his popularity or his position at the start of a Grand Prix). Patrick Scrivenor's section of Pitfalls and Confusions deals very clearly with such matters, as well as with the way in which words like 'enormity' are increasingly misused. Many of the examples are of commonly misused words that sound the same (like 'discreet' and 'discrete') but which have completely different meanings. To anyone who thinks such things don't matter in today's relaxed and abbreviated world of texting and cyberspace Scrivenor has a stern and excellent riposte: 'It is not pedantry to point out manifest nonsense.' He goes on: 'Each loss of precision diminishes the language's ability to make fine distinctions of meaning. It is a rearguard action, but one well worth fighting.' His book provides ample ammunition and will surely prove invaluable to anyone who cares about language, particularly to those who teach it. There is nothing else quite as deft and readable on the market.