There has been quite a trend lately for philosophy academics trying to repair the discipline's reputation amongst the general public for high-minded irrelevance. Surfing this trend in the UK are the likes of Tony Grayling, Julian Baggini, Stephen Law and Alain de Botton. Now here's American thinker William Irvine giving the Roman Stoics a bit of a spring clean.
Irvine describes the basic principles of stoicism (concentrating mainly on Epictetus, Seneca and Marcus Aurelius rather than their Greek predecessors). He then discusses how one might apply these principles to 21st century Western life and finally reports back on his own attempts to do just that.
Along the way, Irvine explains in some detail a number of psychological techniques for achieving serenity. These include
- negative visualisation, in which by imagining the worst we both appreciate what we already have and prepare for future loss
- identifying what we can and cannot control and ignoring the latter
- accepting that there is nothing we can do to change the past and little to affect the future
- self denial, which brings the same benefits as negative visualisation
- periodic reflection on our behaviour with a view to improvement.
If the only thing that you (think you) know about stoics is that they favoured the stiff upper lip, then the theoretical side may be a bit of an eye-opener. But it also has much to recommend it as a discussion of how stoic principles might continue to be relevant today. It's certainly far more useful than those endless books on how to change your life overnight just by, like, really really wanting to.