Guernica is probably the iconic painting of the 20th century, revered as an artistic masterpiece and as a ringing political statement. A tapestry copy appositely hangs in the UN building in New York, to remind delegates of the nightmares their decisions may produce.
Van Hensbergen starts with Picasso's increasingly troubled life and work in the early 1930s and his last visit to Spain in 1934, revealing the genesis and mutations of Guernica, Picasso's most potent mythological work. The news of the bombing of Guernica filled Picasso, until then suffering from artist's block, with passionate creative fury. Hensbergen is very perceptive about the demons that drove Picasso at the time, and the myths and images that this self-confessed artistic 'kleptomaniac' drew on when creating his vast work.
The book traces the painting's progress from its first, not very favourable reception at the Paris World Fair in 1937, through peripatetic showings in Europe, to the United States, where it had a tremendous impact on artists such as Gorky and other Abstract Expressionists. (It was also often damned by the unsympathetic as Communist and degenerate, in terms Nazis might have used). The book ends with Guernica's triumphant installment in Reina Sofia in Madrid, a home-coming denied Picasso himself. As half the world's artists, curators and critics seem to have been involved at some stage with Guernica, the book also provides vivid snapshots of the mid-20th century art world in Europe and the USA.
The illustrations are excellent, the overall lack of colour (there are just four colour plates) presenting no problem because Guernica itself and the many photographs do not need it.