Satyajit Ray shows an inner struggle between traditional and modern values in Indian life,urban and rural.Devi(The Goddess 1960) explores the dangers of religious fanaticism and superstition.We see Kali,the Hindu deity,whose statue is adorned and carried in a religious festival,fireworks and her being cast adrift from the river bank.Uma(Chatterji) will resume his university studies in Calcutta leaving his shy,beautiful wife Doya(Tagore)apprehensive about the prolonged separation.He asks her to write daily,declaring his studies useful for a better job,and the ennoblement of knowledge.This is mid-19th century Bengal.
Doya dotes on her nephew Kohka and attends to the needs of her wealthy father-in-law Roy(Biswas),who calls her "mother" as a term of endearment.Roy has a dream that Doya is the reincarnation of goddess Kali.She,fearful of displeasing her father-in-law's delusion, is manipulated and transformed into the image of Kali.Roy's revelation is disseminated throughout the village,the gullible Doya accepts the worship of the people around her as they pay homage or seek assistance from the goddess.When a young boy is seemingly healed,devotion turns to fanaticism,as the destructive power of ignorance takes hold in the absence of rational thought.
Her husband returning is shocked and tries to free her through persuasion and reason,but she has begun to believe, losing all sense of her own individuality.She becomes a victim of a quarrel that develops between her husband and father-in-law. The repeated imagery of window bars, darkness and shadows, and veils and curtains reflect the pervasive sense of confinement, oppression, and unenlightenment within the household.We see the fragility of spirituality in a decadent,selfish,indulgent society.She becomes imprisoned and at the mercy of the people when things go wrong.