- Paperback: 320 pages
- Publisher: Vanderbilt University Press (15 July 2009)
- Language English
- ISBN-10: 0826516440
- ISBN-13: 978-0826516442
- Product Dimensions: 27.7 x 18 x 2.3 cm
- Average Customer Review: 5.0 out of 5 stars See all reviews (1 customer review)
- Amazon Bestsellers Rank: 688,004 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
First Do No Harm
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Most Helpful Customer Reviews
2 of 3 people found the following review helpful
Format:Paperback
In this brilliant book, David Gibbs, Associate Professor of History and Political Science at the University of Arizona, argues that the USA should use peaceful means to address foreign policy problems. He notes that the Iraq war cost $3 trillion, while the USA gave just $200 million to fight AIDS, TB and malaria.
He shows how in the 1980s the IMF, under US direction, imposed its usual programme, cutting Yugoslavia's living standards by a third to amass capital to export to pay off debts. A World Bank official called the debt crisis a `blessing in disguise', enabling the USA to impose changes letting capital move more freely.
As Gibbs shows, "external intervention was one of the principal causes of the conflict. Interventions helped to trigger the breakup of Yugoslavia and the various wars that followed the breakup; later intervention served to intensify the war, and to spread the fighting." From 1990, before the June 1991 war, Germany fostered the secessions of Croatia and Slovenia. From February 1992, the USA fostered the Bosnia's secession. The USA also wrecked the March 1992 Lisbon agreement, precipitating the war in April.
Of the US intervention in 1999, former British defence minister John Gilbert said, "I think the terms put to Milosevic at Rambouillet were absolutely intolerable. How could he possibly accept them? It was quite deliberate." The provocation led straight to the Kosovo war. As Gibbs writes, "US diplomacy was instrumental in preventing an early settlement of the war and probably prolonged the fighting for several additional years."
Gibbs reminds us how propaganda lies won public support for the wars. He notes that Alija Izetbegovic, president of Bosnia-Herzegovina, admitted in 2003, "Yes, I thought that the claims [about extermination camps] would help trigger a bombing campaign [by the Western powers against the Serbs] ... my claims were false. There were no extermination camps ..."
The Kosovo war, like the Iraq war, had no UN approval, so was illegal. Gibbs notes that New York Times warmonger Thomas Friedman admitted, "Any war we launch in Iraq will certainly be - in part - about oil. To deny this is laughable."
As Gibbs observes, NATO "was nominally a military alliance to guard against external military threats. But its real function was to maintain US predominance in Europe." He cites the 1992 Defense Planning Guidance document, by Wolfowitz and Cheney: "we must seek to prevent the emergence of Europe-only security arrangements which would undermine NATO."
Gibbs concludes, "alleged humanitarian interventions in the Balkans helped establish a new rationale - however spurious - for militarism. The Yugoslav case served to define US intervention as a benevolent and even altruistic activity, and this image has proven useful as a justification for virtually all overseas action." As Gibbs shows, "in most instances, the legacy of military intervention has been appalling."
He shows how in the 1980s the IMF, under US direction, imposed its usual programme, cutting Yugoslavia's living standards by a third to amass capital to export to pay off debts. A World Bank official called the debt crisis a `blessing in disguise', enabling the USA to impose changes letting capital move more freely.
As Gibbs shows, "external intervention was one of the principal causes of the conflict. Interventions helped to trigger the breakup of Yugoslavia and the various wars that followed the breakup; later intervention served to intensify the war, and to spread the fighting." From 1990, before the June 1991 war, Germany fostered the secessions of Croatia and Slovenia. From February 1992, the USA fostered the Bosnia's secession. The USA also wrecked the March 1992 Lisbon agreement, precipitating the war in April.
Of the US intervention in 1999, former British defence minister John Gilbert said, "I think the terms put to Milosevic at Rambouillet were absolutely intolerable. How could he possibly accept them? It was quite deliberate." The provocation led straight to the Kosovo war. As Gibbs writes, "US diplomacy was instrumental in preventing an early settlement of the war and probably prolonged the fighting for several additional years."
Gibbs reminds us how propaganda lies won public support for the wars. He notes that Alija Izetbegovic, president of Bosnia-Herzegovina, admitted in 2003, "Yes, I thought that the claims [about extermination camps] would help trigger a bombing campaign [by the Western powers against the Serbs] ... my claims were false. There were no extermination camps ..."
The Kosovo war, like the Iraq war, had no UN approval, so was illegal. Gibbs notes that New York Times warmonger Thomas Friedman admitted, "Any war we launch in Iraq will certainly be - in part - about oil. To deny this is laughable."
As Gibbs observes, NATO "was nominally a military alliance to guard against external military threats. But its real function was to maintain US predominance in Europe." He cites the 1992 Defense Planning Guidance document, by Wolfowitz and Cheney: "we must seek to prevent the emergence of Europe-only security arrangements which would undermine NATO."
Gibbs concludes, "alleged humanitarian interventions in the Balkans helped establish a new rationale - however spurious - for militarism. The Yugoslav case served to define US intervention as a benevolent and even altruistic activity, and this image has proven useful as a justification for virtually all overseas action." As Gibbs shows, "in most instances, the legacy of military intervention has been appalling."
Most Helpful Customer Reviews on Amazon.com (beta)
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9 reviews
27 of 30 people found the following review helpful
A bold book that challenges conventional thinking about Yugoslavia
16 Jun 2009
Format:Paperback
David Gibbs has written one of the few chronicles of the wars in Yugoslavia designed simply to tell the truth about what happened. Since so many mainstream accounts are content to recycle propaganda, it is no small accomplishment to present the facts without fear or favor. With a twenty-five page bibliography, "First Do No Harm" is a substantive contribution to the scholarly literature, one that will have to be engaged with whatever your perspective on the Balkan wars.
For Gibbs, the key to understanding the trajectory of the Balkan wars was rivalry over what was considered a ripe plum. Germany had its own imperial interests and was actually the first capitalist power to begin the process of tearing apart a social system that had proven quite viable until economic contradictions began to make it vulnerable to outside powers in the 1970s.
Although the United States and Germany shared hostility toward Milosevic, who was perceived as a Titoist holdover standing in the way of converting the Yugoslav economy into one more favorable to Western economic ambitions, they by no means saw their own interests as coinciding. Like dogs fighting over a bone, the United States sought to push its rivals aside and viewed NATO in particular as a means toward that end. Sharing Gervasi's emphasis on the role of NATO, Gibbs makes a strong case for seeing this military alliance as a bid to enhance the US hegemonic power at the expense of what became known as "Old Europe" in the early stages of the war in Iraq.
Gibbs fully intended "First Do No Harm" as a critique of both successful interventions such as the one that took place in Yugoslavia and the one that still lurches unsteadily in Iraq. It is essential for those committed to world peace to become familiar with the sorry history of so-called humanitarian intervention in Yugoslavia, since the same characters who orchestrated American strategy in the period are now in the driver's seat. Not only do we face escalation in Afghanistan and Pakistan, we are likely to hear the same kinds of "human rights" rhetoric that accompanied the Balkan wars. Given these looming dangers, "First Do No Harm" is a must read.
For Gibbs, the key to understanding the trajectory of the Balkan wars was rivalry over what was considered a ripe plum. Germany had its own imperial interests and was actually the first capitalist power to begin the process of tearing apart a social system that had proven quite viable until economic contradictions began to make it vulnerable to outside powers in the 1970s.
Although the United States and Germany shared hostility toward Milosevic, who was perceived as a Titoist holdover standing in the way of converting the Yugoslav economy into one more favorable to Western economic ambitions, they by no means saw their own interests as coinciding. Like dogs fighting over a bone, the United States sought to push its rivals aside and viewed NATO in particular as a means toward that end. Sharing Gervasi's emphasis on the role of NATO, Gibbs makes a strong case for seeing this military alliance as a bid to enhance the US hegemonic power at the expense of what became known as "Old Europe" in the early stages of the war in Iraq.
Gibbs fully intended "First Do No Harm" as a critique of both successful interventions such as the one that took place in Yugoslavia and the one that still lurches unsteadily in Iraq. It is essential for those committed to world peace to become familiar with the sorry history of so-called humanitarian intervention in Yugoslavia, since the same characters who orchestrated American strategy in the period are now in the driver's seat. Not only do we face escalation in Afghanistan and Pakistan, we are likely to hear the same kinds of "human rights" rhetoric that accompanied the Balkan wars. Given these looming dangers, "First Do No Harm" is a must read.
21 of 23 people found the following review helpful
Humanitarian Intervention was a ruse
20 Jun 2009
Format:Paperback|Amazon Verified Purchase
David Gibbs argues Humanitarian Intervention in The former Yugoslavia was a pretext to muzzle a resurgent EU which was spearheaded by Germany. After the break up of the Soviet Union, US geostrategy lacked a pretense to maintain a military presence in Europe via NATO. The EU began taking assertive measures to chart foreign policy objectives independent of the USA. Yugoslavia was the EU's first test case...
The common front between the US and the EC was to thwart Serbian attempts to keep the Yugoslavian political units integrated with the central government in Belgrade. Repeatedly the US subverted EU diplomatic initiatives which regressed into military solutions. Diplomatic initiatives would play into the hands of European interests vs military solutions by the USA. Of course, in the end America maintained hegemon status through NATO.
Gibbs persuasively argues a huge propaganda campaign mounted which totally distorted reality. Serb agression was emphasized while the US/EU backed Bosnian Muslims/Croats/Albanian attrocities were not reported or underplayed. For example, a NY public relation firm, Ruder-Finn Inc. Orchestrated a campaign to associate the Holocaust with Serbian agression. The President of Ruder-Finn explained how Jewish groups form the Anti-Defamation League and the American Jewish Congress were Manipulated to place a political advertisment in the New York Times which would link Serbia with the Holcaust in the popular imagination.
To put Gibbs work into total context, he argues IMF intervention helped to dislocate the Yugoslavian economy/ coupled with US/Western interference which encouraged secessionist movements by unscrupulous politicians. It appears if humanitarinism were the true motive then debt forgiveness and initiatives to encourage the Yugoslovian political units to remain cohesive would have prevented thousands of deaths. Gibbs also points out Yugoslavian debt was roughly 16 billion v over 20 billion spent on the war and counting.
I highly recomend this book. Gibbs arguments are clearly presented and backed by a multitude of sources/footnotes.
The common front between the US and the EC was to thwart Serbian attempts to keep the Yugoslavian political units integrated with the central government in Belgrade. Repeatedly the US subverted EU diplomatic initiatives which regressed into military solutions. Diplomatic initiatives would play into the hands of European interests vs military solutions by the USA. Of course, in the end America maintained hegemon status through NATO.
Gibbs persuasively argues a huge propaganda campaign mounted which totally distorted reality. Serb agression was emphasized while the US/EU backed Bosnian Muslims/Croats/Albanian attrocities were not reported or underplayed. For example, a NY public relation firm, Ruder-Finn Inc. Orchestrated a campaign to associate the Holocaust with Serbian agression. The President of Ruder-Finn explained how Jewish groups form the Anti-Defamation League and the American Jewish Congress were Manipulated to place a political advertisment in the New York Times which would link Serbia with the Holcaust in the popular imagination.
To put Gibbs work into total context, he argues IMF intervention helped to dislocate the Yugoslavian economy/ coupled with US/Western interference which encouraged secessionist movements by unscrupulous politicians. It appears if humanitarinism were the true motive then debt forgiveness and initiatives to encourage the Yugoslovian political units to remain cohesive would have prevented thousands of deaths. Gibbs also points out Yugoslavian debt was roughly 16 billion v over 20 billion spent on the war and counting.
I highly recomend this book. Gibbs arguments are clearly presented and backed by a multitude of sources/footnotes.
19 of 22 people found the following review helpful
THE BEST BOOK ON THE YUGOSLAV WARS
20 July 2009
Format:Paperback
I've read many books on the Yugoslav wars. I did so because I was born in a little Bosnian town called Bihac. But my family moved to Belgrade when I was 3 years old. This was during WWII and in Belgrade we suffered terrifying bombing raids. We left Yugoslavia when I was 6 years old.
You couldn't miss the news of the Yugoslav wars as they screamed from the headlines throughout the 90s. Milosevic was Hitler, the Serbs were the Nazis, and the Muslims were the helpless victims. Really? Then in 1999 I heard that we were bombing Belgrade: I felt like I was bombing myself.
In 2004 my husband Richard and I traveled throughout all of former Yugoslavia. The devastation was overwhelming - but it turned out that what we automatically assumed to be the handiwork of Serbs had just as often been perpetrated by Croats or Muslims. In Belgrade we found that NATO's "smart bombs' had hit a famous church and a monastery. Why?
Dr. Gibbs' book is one of the very best I've read on the subject of "WHY." It is meticulously researched and documented, but written with exemplary clarity. I expect it will strike some readers as controversial because it questions the idea that our engagement in the Bosnian and Kosovo wars was a purely "humanitarian intervention."
Think again. Dr. Gibbs demolishes this myth with enviable objectivity. The only axe he grinds is the pursuit of truth. It is an honest book and an absorbing read.
Next time somebody gushes over another "humanitarian intervention" - somewhere in the Middle-East or in darkest Africa, you'll know to look for skeletons. The trick is to stop the now habitual hypocrisy before another country is wiped out.
You couldn't miss the news of the Yugoslav wars as they screamed from the headlines throughout the 90s. Milosevic was Hitler, the Serbs were the Nazis, and the Muslims were the helpless victims. Really? Then in 1999 I heard that we were bombing Belgrade: I felt like I was bombing myself.
In 2004 my husband Richard and I traveled throughout all of former Yugoslavia. The devastation was overwhelming - but it turned out that what we automatically assumed to be the handiwork of Serbs had just as often been perpetrated by Croats or Muslims. In Belgrade we found that NATO's "smart bombs' had hit a famous church and a monastery. Why?
Dr. Gibbs' book is one of the very best I've read on the subject of "WHY." It is meticulously researched and documented, but written with exemplary clarity. I expect it will strike some readers as controversial because it questions the idea that our engagement in the Bosnian and Kosovo wars was a purely "humanitarian intervention."
Think again. Dr. Gibbs demolishes this myth with enviable objectivity. The only axe he grinds is the pursuit of truth. It is an honest book and an absorbing read.
Next time somebody gushes over another "humanitarian intervention" - somewhere in the Middle-East or in darkest Africa, you'll know to look for skeletons. The trick is to stop the now habitual hypocrisy before another country is wiped out.
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