Perhaps unjustly neglected among George Eliot's later novels, Felix Holt is an enjoyable, if demanding, read. Featuring Esther Lyon as one of Eliot's characteristically proto-feminist heroines, it is at heart the story of her choice between the `middling delights' of marriage to political opportunist and all-round bounder Harold Transome (and the ensuing life of `well-cushioned despair' at Transome Hall), and the authenticity of life with the title character, political reformer Holt. But it's far more than that: it throws up a complex issue of inheritance (which, as in Thomas Hardy's novels, also functions as a metaphor for questions about what, in an age of rapid change, is worth retaining); examines in depth the murky world of nineteenth century politics at the time of the 1832 Reform Act; and has a great deal to say about women's choices - and their consequences - via the very contrasting personae and story-arcs of Esther Lyon and Arabella Traherne.
Eliot has a gift for sympathetic portrayal of character and meticulously-researched plot, both of which this novel displays abundantly. And while some critics have complained that the plot relies heavily on chance and coincidence, and that Felix Holt himself is a rather wooden figure, there's no doubt that Eliot uses the turn of events, and Holt's character in particular, to make some powerful observations about the necessity of shaping your destiny, rather than being shaped by it. In her excellent and accessible introduction to this Penguin Classics edition, Lynda Mugglestone argues for the validity of Eliot's vision, and the centrality of the court-room scene for an ultimately positive portrayal of Esther Lyon as a woman who stands equal to Holt in her chosen life-path. Very satisfying.