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15 of 20 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars
If a tree falls . . . ?, 28 Dec 2004
. . . one can only hope someone is listening. Actually, it's a bit depressing to reflect on the number of trees felled in convincing certain people that their notion of divinely granted life is false. We can forgive Scott her use of more paper. She has produced the most effective and comprehensive work on why evolution is our guide to the natural world to date. Her organisation is excellent and presented in a clear, effective prose style. With her objectives so well outlined and stated, Scott offers a useful synopsis of the struggle educators face in dealing with the creationist crisis.
Scott breaks her presentation into a triad of subjects: science and how it works, the multi-pronged counter-attack of creationists on Darwin and other scientists, and what creationist writers say about evolution by natural selection. The opening section is a vivid presentation of scientific methods and the avoidance of dogma. Science, Scott declares, is "truth without certainty". Science is more than a "collection of facts", but it is the analysis of facts to explain the universe we inhabit. Scott shows how science's lack of absolutes results in a cleft the creationists use as an entry point in their attempts to refute science from astronomy to zoology. Their main thrust, however, remains our biological heritage.
In the second part of her book, Scott traces the history of thinking about the universe and life on Earth. She makes clear that "stasis" wasn't the theme adhered to by early thinkers. Variety was in evidence, but poorly understood. The Aristotelian "ideal" became the standard by which life and its processes were considered. Change was obvious and during the Enlightenment the means of bringing it about over time was sought. From "special creation", which many religious adopted as a supernatural mechanism to explain change, to Lamarck, who thought living things changed traits during their lifetime, a means for explaining the evidence was sought. Once Darwin provided the real insight into life's mechanism, confirmed by the fossils and genetic evidence alike, change was seen as essential for life to proceed. Creationists, fearful that natural selection would undermine their view of divine origins, if not of life, then at least of humanity, have challenged evolution on a wide, but constantly shifting, front.
In presenting their case as completely as possible, Scott is forced to reveal that a significant bloc of contenders against "evolution" refused to allow their works to be cited. It's an interesting conflict when the assaulting force suddenly vanishes. Their presence is still made visible by Scott's other sources reviewing their publications. Compounding her task is the reality of "creationism's" almost infinite spectrum of views. They stretch from those accepting Ussher's date origin of the universe six thousand years ago to those accepting all of science's findings from cosmology to human evolution, but who still insist a deity is "the originator of it all". That's a wide range to address, but Scott pairs these expressions with counter findings in nature. The book concludes with a string of creationist writings answered by scientists in appropriate fields.
The book is a fine summation of positions and meets well its subtitle of being "An Introduction" to the issues. Her references are by chapter, always a useful means of focussing on topical entries rather than a general bibliography where you must search for the appropriate entry. There is a fair amount of material on legal decisions and school board pronouncements. [stephen a. haines - Ottawa, Canada]
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30 of 45 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars
The best review of the "debate" that I've seen, 6 Dec 2005
Scott is the best person to scribe such a tome; extremely qualified and knows all of the angles, not just the science. The expertise shows-- it's easy to read yet gets across the complexity of the topic very well. I felt it was well balanced and logical without straying too far into rhetoric or slanted portrayals of insidious/heroic characters.The book would be appropriate for college-level courses, even introductory ones perhaps, on the subject, or for use as a reference in teaching evolution. I used it in such a course and got a lot out of it-- not just facts, but useful anecdotes, references, quotes, and so on. Some very telling excerpts from other books and articles (a section at the end of the book; definitely worth a look) that show exactly what has been said and where words have been twisted or just phrased as outright lies. Also the best classification + explanation I've seen yet of the continuum from extreme Creationism/Biblical Literalism (Flat Earthism!) to complete Atheism. Great gift for your scientist friend or for a fundamentalist who needs a healthy dose of realism to wake them from their Bizarro world.
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3 of 5 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars
An Excellent Introduction Explaining Why Evolution Is Science & Creationism Isn't, 9 Aug 2008
Physical anthropologist Eugenie C. Scott has had the daunting, indeed Herculean, task of defending the teaching of genuine science - by this I mean of course primarily evolutionary biology - in science classrooms throughout the United States as executive director of the National Center for Science Education. Hers has truly been the battle of "David" versus "Goliath", or rather, an asymmetrical conflict between advocates of excellent American scientific educationg against creationist advocates benefitting from their association with affluent anti-evolutionist Conservative think tanks like the Discovery Institue, the intellectual headquarters of the "Intelligent Design" movement. If a Purple Heart could be bestowed upon her for valor, then she would have earned one hundreds of times, for successfully assisting and coordinating efforts to defeat by legal means, numerous attempts to introduce Intelligent Design and other forms of scientific creationism into science classrooms. Here in "Evolution vs. Creationism: An Introduction", she provides an invaluable introduction to the Evolution/Creation controversy (Of which I do include Intelligent Design since it is creationism's latest, most intellectually sophisticated, variety, having "evolved" from other, older forms of creationism.). And yet she has done a fine job trying to be fair in her presentation of the Creationist "world-view", by serving as a moderator at an Intelligent Design debate held a few years ago at the American Museum of Natural History (The pro-side was argued by leading Intelligent Design advocates William Dembski and Michael Behe; the con by philosopher Robert Pennock and cell biologist Ken Miller.). Once more she succeeds in this book by offering a more nuanced, balanced perspective in her discussion of Creationism, even as she makes a most eloquent case in support of genuine science, and especially, of evolutionary biology (Inspite of being "black-listed" by Creationist writers unwilling to grant her permission to quote directly from their published works, acting more like press censors working for Totalitarian regimes than "sincere" advocates seeking "balance" in science classrooms for their irrational, unscientific views to be discussed along with genuine science, she still tried to demonstrate their perspective by referring to their works.).
Eugenie Scott's "Evolution vs. Creationism: An Introduction" is an excellent introduction to this burning issue which should be read by anyone interested in ensuring quality science education in America. In her opening section on evolution and the nature of science, Scott is quite emphatic as to what science is - and what it isn't. She stresses not only its inherently rational character, but also the key feature which distinguishes it from a religiously-motivated pseudoscience such as Intelligent Design; that it is an objective search for an inconstant, ever shifting "truth", whose very nature undergoes self-assessment and correction. She does an admirable job describing the scientific method, and reviewing the overwhelming scientific evidence for the reality of biological evolution. The second section explores the intellectual and philosophical history of the search for an adequate explanation explaining biological diversity, beginning with ancient Greek philosophers and concluding with early reaction to the publication of Charles Darwin's "On the Origin of Species" from Christians in 19th Century Europe and America. The third section is her thorough, yet terse, exploration of 20th Century Creationism in the United States and of the many legal challenges mounted by creationists against the teaching of evolution (Those interested in more in-depth coverage may find more useful Robert Pennock's "Tower of Babel" for its extensive overview of all the different breeds of creationism, including Intelligent Design.). Originally published by a private Connecticut-based publisher, "Evolution vs. Creationism: An Introduction" is available now from the University of California Press, which means that is now available to as wide a readership as possible. Without question, it is still one of the best - if not the best - introductions to both the nature of the scientific enterprise and the religiously-oriented origins of so-called "Scientific Creationism".
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