I want to more or less second what Cary Nelson has said about this fine book. (I don't want to second what Lars from Norway says about this fine book ... because I don't i) know what he said, and ii) suspect it wasn't anything to do with this book at all.)
William Schroeder has apparently been teaching continental philosophy for years. It shows. This work bespeaks a genuine knowledge of the details of many thinkers. He starts with an overview of modern philosophy (like so many others, he starts with Descartes). Kant and Hegel (and Marx) -- rightly -- figure prominently. Then he moves on to discuss Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Freud, Bergson, before turning to the various "isms" writers. He treats Phenomenology; then Sartre and Heidegger, in a section on Existentialism; and then the Structuralists. Upon reading this chapter, one is struck again by the sheer bizarreness of the Structuralist undertaking. No wonder it was ripe for the overthrowing ... by what Schroeder calls the theorists of "dispersion": Derrida, Foucault, Deleuze, Lyotard, etc. He has a section on French Feminist theory, a movement he thinks avoids some of the mistakes of the other movements he has covered. Overall, this is a very smart and clear book. Schroeder writes in a graceful manner, but I'm not sure I'd agree that it is exciting. Words like painstaking, lucid and thorough spring to mind instead of exciting.
The most notable thing about this book is the author's brief yet very careful exposition of each philosopher's weak spots. This occurs in every section, in concluding subsections entitled "assessments". I enjoyed these subsections immensely. In a few pages, deftly but devastatingly, Schroeder shows just where and why major (or more exactly "major") have gone wrong. This is important, because many of the thinkers treated in this book are venerated as prophets or gurus by their followers, and for that reason are rarely challenged. Students will enjoy this excellent overview, and seasoned cynics will enjoy its arguments and clarity.