Clearly a book for the academic or serious historian which must represent the results of a prodigious amount of research. This is a compelling piece of work by John Bew and covers in great detail the entire span of the long and illustrious (some would say, controversial) career of Robert Stewart, Lord Castlereagh. The book is in three sections, the first of which covers Castlereagh's upbringing in Ireland, the nationalist movement in that country which lead to the anti-English rebellion of 1798 (in which Protestant and Catholic Irishmen were initially united) and Castlereagh's accession to the Irish Parliament and its closure after his successful bill on union with England in 1800. The second part deals with the roles that Castlereagh played as Minister of War and Foreign Minister, his support for the ill-fated Walcheren Campaign, his very personal support for Wellington in the Peninsula and the growth of the British Army. The third and final section tells of the fiendishly difficult task that Castlereagh faced in trying to maintain a balance of power in Europe following the defeat of Napoleon and, in particular, his attempts to prevent a permanent incursion of Russian forces into western Europe. Castlereagh's decline and eventual suicide are inevitably the subject of the closing chapters. The often unwarranted criticisms from the Radicals and Whigs and Castlereagh's difficulties with rival Tory George Canning are a recurring theme of the book.
In relating this immense span of history Bew has shown particular talent in drawing together original material to demonstrate the strategic thrust of Castlereagh's diplomacy and his guiding principles. It has been suggested that Castlereagh was not a great thinker or strategist and that his poor speaking ability and a predilection to malapropisms suggest a lack of intelligence but the author is able to amply illustrate that this is not the case. Bew demonstrates quite clearly that the reputation historically assigned to Castlereagh does not do the man justice. Many of the issues raised in considering the diplomatic questions of the time are entirely relevant to the modern political scene, particularly the subject of intervention in the internal affairs of other countries. I found the approach of Castlereagh well reasoned and something that modern politicians would do well to ponder before continuing with their headlong dash to interfere in almost any conflict that arises.
John Bew has an excellent writing style, the book flows very well, and a convincing picture of the main protagonists clearly emerges. The narration is crisp and moves along at a pace, perhaps just sagging slightly in the final chapters. Despite my opening comments the general reader will be well rewarded if he is not put off by the size of this substantial book.