Synopsis
The aftermath of Japan's 1945 military defeat left its public institutions in a state of deep crisis; virtually every major source of state legitimacy was seriously damaged or wholly remade by the post-war occupation. Between 1960 and 1990, however, these institutions renewed their strength, taking on legitimacy that erased virtually all traces of their post-war instability. How did this transformation come about? Ellis S. Kraus explores this question in this work, focusing on the role played by the Japanese media, and in particular by Japan's national broadcaster, NHK. Since the 1960s, television has been a fixture of the Japanese household, and NHK's TV news has, until recently, been the dominant and most trusted source of political information for the Japanese citizen. NHK's news style is distinct among the broadcasting systems of industrialized countries in that it emphasizes facts over interpretation and gives unusual priority to coverage of national bureaucracy. Krauss argues that this approach is not simply a reflection of Japanese culture, but a result of the organization and processes of NHK and their relationship with the state.
These factors, he says, had profound consequences for the state's post-war re-legitimization, while the commercial networks' recent challenge to NHK has helped engender the wave of criticism faced by the state. Krauss guides the reader through the complex interactions among politics, media organizations and Japanese journalism to demonstrate how NHK TV news became a shaper of Japan's political world, rather than simply a lens through which to view it.