As a westerner who's tried a bit of Bollywood fare out of curiousity I have to say that this is entirely atypical, and transcends national boundaries. The film could have been made anywhere that humanity is valued. I suppose one Indian element is that it introduces us to the gorgeous landscapes and archetectural style of a region of what I believe is part of North Western India, whose name I have been told but now forget, that has a character that is entirely distinct from anything we presume to be typically 'Indian'.
Other than this secondary element it is a profoundly psychological story as we see an extraordinarily gifted teacher take a young child who is entirely deaf-dumb and blind, who begins as little more than a wild animal with an inner world that is totally 'Black'. We see the agonising struggle of the teacher, who is working against time, to bring home the significance of a single sign to this wild chaotic mind, that comes to be the first 'word' that the girl comprehends. The word is that for water and the moment of comprehension very movingly portrayed. From this first word we watch as her vocabulary expands and an intellect develops that, by the end of the film has blossomed into that of a university graduate.
Alongside the early beginnings of communication comes the battle of wills, agonising for the parents to watch, whereby the wild child is tamed and taught the very basics of human civility.
The film ends with a beautiful and moving twist where circumstances conspire to reverse the roles of teacher and pupil.
As someone who has read quite widely on the Philosophy of Mind I would observe that this film says more in a couple of hours about language, thought and communication, and in a far more moving way than any number of dry, dull texts.