With a breadth and output of work rivaling that of Michelangelo, Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598-1680) was one of the 17th century's most important artists. A devout Italian Catholic, he spent much of his life, and completed most of his work, in Rome, working under the patronage of various popes. His love of God and the spiritual intent in his work reminds me a little of JS Bach, though Bach was a lot less politically savvy. Like Bach, Bernini used his religious beliefs to reach for the sublime in his art, to take what came before and turn it into something more though the love of God.
It is probably this devotion to his faith, which included daily Mass, that led to perhaps his most revolutionary contribution to art: the synthesis of sculpture, painting, and architecture. He was concerned with the overall visual effect of a work- its theatricality- going so far as to place his sculptures at specific angles in a room to produce the desired effect. He also pioneered the use of natural light versus the standard painted light to intensify the spiritual impact of a work, most effectively employed in the Cornaro Chapel. St. Peter's Square, probably his most well-known (and seen, on television anyway) work, employs an ingenious use of the simplest classical columns, light, and open space to create a majestic place for the faithful to receive their pope.
But despite his broad artist endeavors, it is as a sculptor that Bernini will be most remembered, and which Rudolf Wittkower's classic study of the artist focuses. His sculptures rationalize the excess of the Mannerist sculptors, who reacted to the limits of the classical form by creating many extremities and multiple viewpoints. Bernini took on the single viewpoint of the classical and combined it with the energy of the Mannerists to form a focus of action, creating a narrative in marble. This can be best seen in his early works, such as Pluto & Proserpina, Apollo & Daphne, and David; and later Ecstasy of St Theresa.
Wittkower breaks Bernini's work into chunks based on theme: Early Works & Borghese Patronage, Religious Imagery, Portrait Busts, Chapels, Fountains & Monuments. He begins each section with a short analysis of the subject, no more than 3-5 pages. This leaves plenty of room for the pictures and allows the reader to linger over the work, which the reader will want to do. The book has dozens of black and white photos, showing the fine details of many works, details that highlight Bernini's genius. There are 30 more color plates after the main body of the book to allow a better view of some of the works where color is important, like The Ecstasy. Further, for the true students of the artist, the book finishes with a complete catalogue of Bernini's works, with a detailed history of each.
This book is a treasure and a must for any fan of Bernini or sculpture in general.