In this brilliant book, Kevin Phillips, a long-time student of the USA, exposes Wall Street's greed, criminality and stupidity. He also exposes the governments which thought they had `picked a winner' in Wall Street as a whole. They passed laws keeping finance outside the law and gave hedge funds a licence to create debts which acted as money.
The USA's bloated financial sector grew from 12% of GNP in the 1980s to 21% by 2005, at the expense of manufacturing industry, which fell from 25% to 12% of GNP. The market does not help industry by its bets on changes in asset prices.
The problem is still Wall Street's toxic debts in banking, insurance, real estate and securities. From 1987 to 2006 the USA's total credit market debt rose from $11 trillion to $44 trillion, 340% of GDP. Wall Street has borrowed $15 trillion since 1983. Derivatives were $615 trillion in 2008, up from $14 trillion in 1993. Mortgage debt doubled to $10 trillion.
Obama has cosseted, not controlled Wall Street, aiding even greater concentration of economic power. The bailouts rescued the five biggest commercial banks (Citigroup, JP Morgan Chase, the Bank of America, Wells Fargo and Wachovia), and the five biggest investment banks (Goldman Sachs, Bear Stearns, Morgan Stanley, Merrill Lynch and Lehman Brothers), the top four mortgage firms and insurance giant AIG.
But Obama has not required the banks to lend to the real economy. Instead, federal dollars are funding gross bonuses and salaries.
Phillips goes on to show how the new seven sisters are not private US firms, but state-owned oil companies: Saudi Aramco, Gazprom (Russia), PetroChina, the National Iranian Oil Company, Petrobras (Brazil), Petronas (Malaysia) and Petroleum de Venezuela. They control 75% of world petroleum reserves. OPEC is moving towards pricing oil in euros not dollars.
Phillips shows how the attack on Iraq led to soaring oil prices, transferring vast wealth from the USA and Britain to the oil-producing nations. He stresses the need for energy security and calls on Americans to abandon `the hubris of military and financial imperialism', to strengthen their manufacturing industry and curb their bankers.