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This book deals with transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in animals. Management of the wider consequences of BSE risk analysis and the OIE International Animal Health Code veterinary standards are a tool for handling all aspects of this human and livestock disease. This manual contains a general update on prion disease and reviews of current knowledge about BSE, scrapie and chronic wasting disease, including potential for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in non-ruminant livestock and fish.
Swine in Britain were exposed to the causal agent of BSE via consumption of the same meat-and-bone meal (MBM) as cattle. According to a recent review by Matthews and Cooke, in the 1980s MBM was added to the diets of British pigs at an average inclusion rate of 5% - an annual usage rate of 175,000 tonnes. Despite this, no spontaneous cases of TSE were recorded in pigs.
In 1989 ten piglets were inoculated intracranially, intraperitoneally and intravenously with an homogenate of BSE-infected bovine brainstems at the UK Central Veterinary Laboratory, Weybridge. BSE-like changes were confirmed in one of the pigs at 74 weeks after inoculation. This finding led to a ban on the feeding of any "specified risk materials" (SRMs) i.e. bovine brain, spinal cord, tonsil, thymus, spleen and intestine, to any farm animals or pets.
Long-term (up to five years) follow-up of the ten inoculated piglets detected BSE-like effects in seven of them, five of which developed clinical signs with an incubation period of 69-150 weeks.
Contents list at www.pighealth.com/offers/food.htm
ISBN 9290445734
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Customer Reviews
Most Helpful Customer Reviews
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are a family of diseases of humans and animals characterized by spongy degeneration of the brain with severe and fatal neurological signs and symptoms.
In animals, scrapie is a common disease in sheep and goats. Mink and North American mule deer and elk can contract TSEs. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is also a TSE, affecting a number of species: cattle, human, cats.
This special issue of the Scientific and Technical Review of the Office International des Epizooties deals with transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in animals for a second time. The previous issue on the subject was in June 1992 when the BSE epidemic had reached its peak but before the tragedy of vCJD in people had emerged and the significant spread of the disease to other countries was apparent.
BSE caused damage as a disease of cattle and as a zoonosis, most probably of food-borne origin. More than this, BSE produced alarm, dread and near panic everywhere. Confidence in the food supply was threatened and a menacing shadow fell over open trade in ruminant animals and animal products.
Delicate management of the wider consequences of BSE required risk analysis and this process, together with the OIE International Animal Health Code standards that were developed for this purpose, has come into its own as a tool for handling all aspects of animal disease both within and among countries. Risk analysis is at the core of the present volume and its chapters are arranged around the three components of risk assessment, risk management and risk communication. The case of Canada, in particular, provides an example of risk assessment for BSE and is followed by chapters on risk management for BSE in Europe, North America, South America and Asia. A chapter on risk communication completes the picture.
Furthermore, the volume contains a general update on prion disease and reviews of current knowledge about BSE, scrapie and chronic wasting disease. Other chapters deal with special issues such as whether BSE has entered populations of sheep, the potential for TSEs in monogastric livestock and fish, diagnostic tests for animal tissue in animal feedstuffs, rendering methods to inactivate prions, the differential diagnosis of BSE in cattle in Western Europe and snapshots of ruminant nutrition systems in Europe and the tropics.
It would be fascinating to jump ten years ahead and look at the status of TSEs in animals in the year 2013. Whether or not these diseases will have either been eliminated or controlled, this issue of the OIE Scientific and Technical Review will remain a unique point of reference. The account of risk analysis of the TSEs can guide management measures for these diseases. In addition, it provides an accessible and concise compendium of knowledge for the years to come.
In animals, scrapie is a common disease in sheep and goats. Mink and North American mule deer and elk can contract TSEs. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is also a TSE, affecting a number of species: cattle, human, cats.
This special issue of the Scientific and Technical Review of the Office International des Epizooties deals with transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in animals for a second time. The previous issue on the subject was in June 1992 when the BSE epidemic had reached its peak but before the tragedy of vCJD in people had emerged and the significant spread of the disease to other countries was apparent.
BSE caused damage as a disease of cattle and as a zoonosis, most probably of food-borne origin. More than this, BSE produced alarm, dread and near panic everywhere. Confidence in the food supply was threatened and a menacing shadow fell over open trade in ruminant animals and animal products.
Delicate management of the wider consequences of BSE required risk analysis and this process, together with the OIE International Animal Health Code standards that were developed for this purpose, has come into its own as a tool for handling all aspects of animal disease both within and among countries. Risk analysis is at the core of the present volume and its chapters are arranged around the three components of risk assessment, risk management and risk communication. The case of Canada, in particular, provides an example of risk assessment for BSE and is followed by chapters on risk management for BSE in Europe, North America, South America and Asia. A chapter on risk communication completes the picture.
Furthermore, the volume contains a general update on prion disease and reviews of current knowledge about BSE, scrapie and chronic wasting disease. Other chapters deal with special issues such as whether BSE has entered populations of sheep, the potential for TSEs in monogastric livestock and fish, diagnostic tests for animal tissue in animal feedstuffs, rendering methods to inactivate prions, the differential diagnosis of BSE in cattle in Western Europe and snapshots of ruminant nutrition systems in Europe and the tropics.
It would be fascinating to jump ten years ahead and look at the status of TSEs in animals in the year 2013. Whether or not these diseases will have either been eliminated or controlled, this issue of the OIE Scientific and Technical Review will remain a unique point of reference. The account of risk analysis of the TSEs can guide management measures for these diseases. In addition, it provides an accessible and concise compendium of knowledge for the years to come.
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