This book is about the number One Hundred Thirty-Seven, which is the value of the the fine-structure constant (alpha). This constant is the way physicists describe the probability that an electron will emit or absorb a photon. Alpha is the square of the charge of the electron divided by the speed of light times Planck's constant. Thus 137 in itself combines the true fundamentals of electromagnetism (the electron charge), relativity (the speed of light), and quantum mechanics (Planck's constant). And most intriguingly, Alpha is a strictly dimensionless number. Clearly the observation of alpha being constant (137) and dimensionless seems to support the Anthropic Cosmological Principle. The anthropic principle is the collective name for several ways of asserting that the observations of the physical Universe must be compatible with the life observed in it. Throughout the Thirties and Forties, the greatest scientists of the day tried and failed to figure out the magic number 137. The great Werner Heisenberg told his friends that the problems of quantum theory would disappear only when 137 was explained. One of Heisenberg's friends, theorist Wolfgang Pauli, wasted endless research time trying to multiply pi by other numbers to get 137; Edward Teller, now a prominent advocate of star wars, derived alpha from gravitation. In mathematics one hundred thirty-seven is the 33rd prime number; the next is 139, with which it comprises a twin prime, and thus 137 is a Chen prime. 137 is an Eisenstein prime with no imaginary part and a real part of the form 3n -1. It is also the fourth Stern prime. 137 is a strong prime in the sense that it is more than the arithmetic mean of its two. 137 is a strictly non-palindromic number and a primeval number. Clearly 137 seems to be a very special number. This book describes the famous physicist Wolfgang Pauli's struggle with this number and how he had to seek help from the world renowned psychoanalyst Carl Jung. Together they delved into what Jung called "the no-man's land between "Physics and the Psychology of the Unconscious'. In the end Pauli died in hospital room 137